接觸Linux之前，曾以為讀源碼可以更快的學習軟件，於是前幾篇文章都是一邊讀源碼一邊添加注釋（http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-10/136246.htm），甚至精讀到每一行代碼，實際上效果並不理想，看過之後就忘記了。主要原因是沒理解透程序架構，各個模塊之間的關系，如何聯系在一起，再加上沒有實例驗證。後來逐漸發現，理解框架能達到事半功倍的效果，理解框架之後，反而代碼也更容易看懂，甚至可以猜部分代碼的作用，印象更加深刻。
理解SPI的驅動框架，還是從最基本的三個入口點觸發，platform_device，platform_bus，platform_driver。
其中內核一提供給platform_bus，platform_driver在spi_s3c24xx_gpio.c和spi_s3c24xxc.c中，其中spi_s3c24xx_gpio.c用於IO模擬SPI （本例討論的是IO模擬SPI），spi_s3c24xxc.c用於s3c24xx的硬件SPI。因此，我們需要動手寫一個platform_device。
看看spi_s3c24xx_gpio.c做了些什麼。
static int s3c2410_spigpio_probe(struct platform_device *dev)
{
... ...
/* [cgw]: 分配一個SPI主機 */
master = spi_alloc_master(&dev->dev, sizeof(struct s3c2410_spigpio));
... ...
sp = spi_master_get_devdata(master);
platform_set_drvdata(dev, sp);
/* [cgw]: 分配與spi硬件相關的配置，如指定哪些IO為MISO,MOSI,SCLK,CS，SPI工作模式，最大時鐘等等 */
/* copy in the plkatform data */
sp->info = dev->dev.platform_data;
/* [cgw]: 提供實現SPI各種模式的時序的基本方法，和CS的激活方法 */
/* setup spi bitbang adaptor */
sp->bitbang.master = spi_master_get(master);
sp->bitbang.chipselect = s3c2410_spigpio_chipselect;
sp->bitbang.txrx_word[SPI_MODE_0] = s3c2410_spigpio_txrx_mode0;
sp->bitbang.txrx_word[SPI_MODE_1] = s3c2410_spigpio_txrx_mode1;
sp->bitbang.txrx_word[SPI_MODE_2] = s3c2410_spigpio_txrx_mode2;
sp->bitbang.txrx_word[SPI_MODE_3] = s3c2410_spigpio_txrx_mode3;
/* [cgw]: 配置相關io為輸入輸出 */
/* set state of spi pins */
s3c2410_gpio_setpin(sp->info->pin_clk, 0);
s3c2410_gpio_setpin(sp->info->pin_mosi, 0);
s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(sp->info->pin_clk, S3C2410_GPIO_OUTPUT);
s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(sp->info->pin_mosi, S3C2410_GPIO_OUTPUT);
s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(sp->info->pin_miso, S3C2410_GPIO_INPUT);
/* [cgw]: 設置spi的收發，如注冊一個工作隊列，收發時序的方法，8/16/32的spi數據等等 */
ret = spi_bitbang_start(&sp->bitbang);
... ...
/* [cgw]: 注冊sp->info->board_size個spi設備，這幾個spi設備都是掛接在統一spi總線上的 */
/* register the chips to go with the board */
for (i = 0; i < sp->info->board_size; i++) {
dev_info(&dev->dev, "registering %p: %s\n",
&sp->info->board_info[i],
sp->info->board_info[i].modalias);
sp->info->board_info[i].controller_data = sp;
spi_new_device(master, sp->info->board_info + i);
}
... ...
}
要想s3c2410_spigpio_probe得到調用，即探測到有效的platform_device，我們需要一個與platform同名（"s3c24xx-spi-gpio"）的platform_device。
static struct spi_board_info board_info[1] = {
{
.modalias = "spi_ssd1306", /* [cgw]: spi設備名，和設備驅動名對應 */
.bus_num = 0, /* [cgw]: spi總線號，即spi0 */
.chip_select = 2, /* [cgw]: spi總線上的設備號,即spi0.2 */
.max_speed_hz = 50000, /* [cgw]: spi時鐘 */
.mode = SPI_MODE_3, /* [cgw]: spi數據模式 */
},
};
static struct s3c2410_spigpio_info spi_dev = {
.pin_clk = S3C2410_GPG7,
.pin_mosi = S3C2410_GPG5,
.pin_miso = S3C2410_GPG6,
.board_size = 1, /* [cgw]: 設置板上spi接口數量為1 */
.board_info = &board_info[0],
.chip_select = ssd1306_chip_select
};
static struct platform_device spi_platform_dev = {
.name = "s3c24xx-spi-gpio", /* [cgw]: 設置平台設備名，和平台驅動名對應 */
.id = -1,
.dev = {
.release = spi_dev_release,
.platform_data = (void *)&spi_dev, /* [cgw]: 通過platform_data傳遞spi_dev給平台驅動
* 平台驅動可以訪問spi_dev
*/
},
};
static int spi_dev_init(void)
{
/* [cgw]: 注冊spi_platform_dev平台設備 */
platform_device_register(&spi_platform_dev);
return 0;
}
spi_bitbang.c提供了spi底層一些實現細節，注冊工作隊列（SPI數據的傳送最終是通過調用工作隊列實現的），spi工作模式，工作頻率等。
int spi_bitbang_setup_transfer(struct spi_device *spi, struct spi_transfer *t)
{
struct spi_bitbang_cs *cs = spi->controller_state;
u8 bits_per_word;
u32 hz;
if (t) {
/* [cgw]: spi驅動指定幾位數據模式，和傳送速度 */
bits_per_word = t->bits_per_word;
hz = t->speed_hz;
} else {
bits_per_word = 0;
hz = 0;
}
/* [cgw]: 根據spi位數，選擇合適的時序 */
/* spi_transfer level calls that work per-word */
if (!bits_per_word)
bits_per_word = spi->bits_per_word;
if (bits_per_word <= 8)
cs->txrx_bufs = bitbang_txrx_8;
else if (bits_per_word <= 16)
cs->txrx_bufs = bitbang_txrx_16;
else if (bits_per_word <= 32)
cs->txrx_bufs = bitbang_txrx_32;
else
return -EINVAL;
/* [cgw]: 設置SCLK的時鐘頻率 */
/* nsecs = (clock period)/2 */
if (!hz)
hz = spi->max_speed_hz;
if (hz) {
cs->nsecs = (1000000000/2) / hz;
if (cs->nsecs > (MAX_UDELAY_MS * 1000 * 1000))
return -EINVAL;
}
return 0;
}
int spi_bitbang_setup(struct spi_device *spi)
{
struct spi_bitbang_cs *cs = spi->controller_state;
struct spi_bitbang *bitbang;
int retval;
bitbang = spi_master_get_devdata(spi->master);
/* REVISIT: some systems will want to support devices using lsb-first
* bit encodings on the wire. In pure software that would be trivial,
* just bitbang_txrx_le_cphaX() routines shifting the other way, and
* some hardware controllers also have this support.
*/
/* [cgw]: 默認不支持LSB模式，要想使用LSB模式，只要bitbang_txrx_le_cphaX()改變移位的方向即可 */
if ((spi->mode & SPI_LSB_FIRST) != 0)
return -EINVAL;
if (!cs) {
cs = kzalloc(sizeof *cs, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!cs)
return -ENOMEM;
spi->controller_state = cs;
}
/* [cgw]: 設置spi的默認位數 */
if (!spi->bits_per_word)
spi->bits_per_word = 8;
/* per-word shift register access, in hardware or bitbanging */
/* [cgw]: 設置spi的工作模式，四種 */
cs->txrx_word = bitbang->txrx_word[spi->mode & (SPI_CPOL|SPI_CPHA)];
if (!cs->txrx_word)
return -EINVAL;
/* [cgw]: 調用spi_bitbang_setup_transfer */
retval = bitbang->setup_transfer(spi, NULL);
if (retval < 0)
return retval;
dev_dbg(&spi->dev, "%s, mode %d, %u bits/w, %u nsec/bit\n",
__FUNCTION__, spi->mode & (SPI_CPOL | SPI_CPHA),
spi->bits_per_word, 2 * cs->nsecs);
/* NOTE we _need_ to call chipselect() early, ideally with adapter
* setup, unless the hardware defaults cooperate to avoid confusion
* between normal (active low) and inverted chipselects.
*/
/* [cgw]: spi忙的話，通過改變CS的狀態釋放SPI */
/* deselect chip (low or high) */
spin_lock(&bitbang->lock);
if (!bitbang->busy) {
bitbang->chipselect(spi, BITBANG_CS_INACTIVE);
ndelay(cs->nsecs);
}
spin_unlock(&bitbang->lock);
return 0;
}
static int spi_bitbang_bufs(struct spi_device *spi, struct spi_transfer *t)
{
struct spi_bitbang_cs *cs = spi->controller_state;
unsigned nsecs = cs->nsecs;
/* [cgw]: 具體數據收發就是這裡實現的 */
return cs->txrx_bufs(spi, cs->txrx_word, nsecs, t);
}
int spi_bitbang_transfer(struct spi_device *spi, struct spi_message *m)
{
struct spi_bitbang *bitbang;
unsigned long flags;
int status = 0;
m->actual_length = 0;
m->status = -EINPROGRESS;
bitbang = spi_master_get_devdata(spi->master);
spin_lock_irqsave(&bitbang->lock, flags);
if (!spi->max_speed_hz)
status = -ENETDOWN;
else {
/* [cgw]: 入隊一個工作到工作隊列 */
list_add_tail(&m->queue, &bitbang->queue);
queue_work(bitbang->workqueue, &bitbang->work);
}
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&bitbang->lock, flags);
return status;
}
int spi_bitbang_start(struct spi_bitbang *bitbang)
{
int status;
if (!bitbang->master || !bitbang->chipselect)
return -EINVAL;
/* [cgw]: 注冊一個工作隊列 */
INIT_WORK(&bitbang->work, bitbang_work);
spin_lock_init(&bitbang->lock);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&bitbang->queue);
/* [cgw]: 配置相關方法 */
if (!bitbang->master->transfer)
bitbang->master->transfer = spi_bitbang_transfer;
if (!bitbang->txrx_bufs) {
bitbang->use_dma = 0;
bitbang->txrx_bufs = spi_bitbang_bufs;
if (!bitbang->master->setup) {
if (!bitbang->setup_transfer)
bitbang->setup_transfer =
spi_bitbang_setup_transfer;
bitbang->master->setup = spi_bitbang_setup;
bitbang->master->cleanup = spi_bitbang_cleanup;
}
} else if (!bitbang->master->setup)
return -EINVAL;
/* [cgw]: 創建一個單線程，用於調度工作隊列 */
/* this task is the only thing to touch the SPI bits */
bitbang->busy = 0;
bitbang->workqueue = create_singlethread_workqueue(
bitbang->master->cdev.dev->bus_id);
if (bitbang->workqueue == NULL) {
status = -EBUSY;
goto err1;
}
/* [cgw]: 注冊一個spi主機 */
/* driver may get busy before register() returns, especially
* if someone registered boardinfo for devices
*/
status = spi_register_master(bitbang->master);
if (status < 0)
goto err2;
return status;
err2:
destroy_workqueue(bitbang->workqueue);
err1:
return status;
}
因為在s3c2410_spigpio_probe中注冊了spi的設備，因此我們還需為這些設備提供驅動，以被這些設備探測到，探測這些驅動的條件也是設備和驅動的名字同名，即spi_ssd1306。我們這裡提供了一個ssd1306 OLED的驅動
static struct spi_driver spi_ssd1306_driver = {
.driver = {
.name = "spi_ssd1306",
.bus = &spi_bus_type,
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
},
.probe = spi_ssd1306_probe,
.remove = __devexit_p(spi_ssd1306_remove),
};
static int spi_ssd1306_init(void)
{
return spi_register_driver(&spi_ssd1306_driver);
}
到這裡，基本工作已經完成。怎樣驅動ssd1306 OLED呢？
ssd1306 OLED的使用方法，請參考相關的手冊。
本例提供的ssd1306 OLED驅動，只需要我們提供一個基本9位spi數據收發的接口即可。
static void ssd1306_write_byte(uint8_t chData, uint8_t chCmd)
{
struct spi_transfer t;
struct spi_message m;
uint16_t data = chData;
/* [cgw]: 情況spi_transfer */
memset(&t,0,sizeof(struct spi_transfer));
/* [cgw]: 第9位表示前8位是命令還是數據，1：數據，0：命令 */
if (chCmd) {
data |= (1 << 8);
} else {
data &= ~(1 << 8);
}
/* [cgw]: 要發送的數據 */
t.tx_buf = &data;
/* [cgw]: 長度，2字節 */
t.len = 2;
/* [cgw]: 9位spi */
t.bits_per_word = 9;
//t.cs_change = 1;
/* [cgw]: 把數據添加到收發列表，工作隊列調度時會從收發隊列中取出，並進行收發
* 注意這裡並沒有直接收發
*/
spi_message_init(&m);
spi_message_add_tail(&t, &m);
spi_sync(spi_ssd1306_dev, &m);
}
注意，在網上看到一些例子，用8位模式驅動ssd1306 OLED的，需要用DC的狀態來表示數據或命令的，他們的做法如下：
void ssd1306_write_cmd(uint8_t cmd)
{
ssd1306_dc_clr();
spi_write(cmd);
ssd1306_dc_set();
}
void ssd1306_write_data(uint8_t data)
{
ssd1306_dc_set();
spi_write(data);
ssd1306_dc_clr();
}
我本人認為是不正確的，至少不符合這個spi框架的邏輯，因為spi數據的收發並不是直接在spi_write()實現，而是在工作隊列bitbang_work()中實現。盡管這樣仍然能驅動ssd1306 OLED，但理論上不應該這麼做。要改的話應該改bitbang_work()中改，添加DC狀態的控制。
static void bitbang_work(struct work_struct *work)
{
struct spi_bitbang *bitbang =
container_of(work, struct spi_bitbang, work);
unsigned long flags;
spin_lock_irqsave(&bitbang->lock, flags);
bitbang->busy = 1;
/* [cgw]: 隊列不為空 */
while (!list_empty(&bitbang->queue)) {
struct spi_message *m;
struct spi_device *spi;
unsigned nsecs;
struct spi_transfer *t = NULL;
unsigned tmp;
unsigned cs_change;
int status;
int (*setup_transfer)(struct spi_device *,
struct spi_transfer *);
/* [cgw]: 取出spi_message */
m = container_of(bitbang->queue.next, struct spi_message,
queue);
/* [cgw]: 刪除這個節點 */
list_del_init(&m->queue);
/* [cgw]: 進入臨界區 */
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&bitbang->lock, flags);
/* FIXME this is made-up ... the correct value is known to
* word-at-a-time bitbang code, and presumably chipselect()
* should enforce these requirements too?
*/
nsecs = 100;
spi = m->spi;
tmp = 0;
cs_change = 1;
status = 0;
setup_transfer = NULL;
/* [cgw]: 歷遍spi_message中的收發列表 */
list_for_each_entry (t, &m->transfers, transfer_list) {
/* override or restore speed and wordsize */
/* [cgw]: 如果驅動指定了spi速度，和位數，重新調用spi_bitbang_setup_transfer
* 更改默認設置
*/
if (t->speed_hz || t->bits_per_word) {
setup_transfer = bitbang->setup_transfer;
if (!setup_transfer) {
status = -ENOPROTOOPT;
break;
}
}
if (setup_transfer) {
status = setup_transfer(spi, t);
if (status < 0)
break;
}
/* set up default clock polarity, and activate chip;
* this implicitly updates clock and spi modes as
* previously recorded for this device via setup().
* (and also deselects any other chip that might be
* selected ...)
*/
/* [cgw]: 激活spi */
if (cs_change) {
bitbang->chipselect(spi, BITBANG_CS_ACTIVE);
ndelay(nsecs);
}
/* [cgw]: 驅動指定收發完一幀數據要不要改變恢復CS為空閒 */
cs_change = t->cs_change;
/* [cgw]: 收發包為空，則無效 */
if (!t->tx_buf && !t->rx_buf && t->len) {
status = -EINVAL;
break;
}
/* transfer data. the lower level code handles any
* new dma mappings it needs. our caller always gave
* us dma-safe buffers.
*/
if (t->len) {
/* REVISIT dma API still needs a designated
* DMA_ADDR_INVALID; ~0 might be better.
*/
if (!m->is_dma_mapped)
t->rx_dma = t->tx_dma = 0;
/* [cgw]: 這裡才是真正的實現spi收發時序 */
status = bitbang->txrx_bufs(spi, t);
}
if (status != t->len) {
if (status > 0)
status = -EMSGSIZE;
break;
}
m->actual_length += status;
status = 0;
/* protocol tweaks before next transfer */
if (t->delay_usecs)
udelay(t->delay_usecs);
/* [cgw]: 收發完一幀，不改變CS狀態 */
if (!cs_change)
continue;
/* [cgw]: 收發列表已經沒有數據，結束 */
if (t->transfer_list.next == &m->transfers)
break;
/* sometimes a short mid-message deselect of the chip
* may be needed to terminate a mode or command
*/
/* [cgw]: 釋放spi */
ndelay(nsecs);
bitbang->chipselect(spi, BITBANG_CS_INACTIVE);
ndelay(nsecs);
}
m->status = status;
m->complete(m->context);
/* restore speed and wordsize */
/* [cgw]: 速度和位數恢復默認 */
if (setup_transfer)
setup_transfer(spi, NULL);
/* normally deactivate chipselect ... unless no error and
* cs_change has hinted that the next message will probably
* be for this chip too.
*/
if (!(status == 0 && cs_change)) {
ndelay(nsecs);
bitbang->chipselect(spi, BITBANG_CS_INACTIVE);
ndelay(nsecs);
}
spin_lock_irqsave(&bitbang->lock, flags);
}
bitbang->busy = 0;
/* [cgw]: 退出臨界區 */
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&bitbang->lock, flags);
}
代碼：
spi_platform_dev.c
#include <asm/arch/spi-gpio.h>
static struct spi_board_info board_info[1] = {
{
.modalias = "spi_ssd1306", /* [cgw]: spi設備名，和設備驅動名對應 */
.bus_num = 0, /* [cgw]: spi總線號，即spi0 */
.chip_select = 2, /* [cgw]: spi總線上的設備號,即spi0.2 */
.max_speed_hz = 50000, /* [cgw]: spi時鐘 */
.mode = SPI_MODE_3, /* [cgw]: spi數據模式 */
},
};
static void ssd1306_chip_select(struct s3c2410_spigpio_info *spi, int cs)
{
/* [cgw]: 選中設備號為2的spi設備 */
if (spi->board_info->chip_select == 2) {
s3c2410_gpio_cfgpin(S3C2410_GPG2, S3C2410_GPIO_OUTPUT);
/* [cgw]: 選中設備 */
if (BITBANG_CS_ACTIVE == cs) {
s3c2410_gpio_setpin(S3C2410_GPG2, 0);
/* [cgw]: 釋放設備 */
} else if (BITBANG_CS_INACTIVE == cs) {
s3c2410_gpio_setpin(S3C2410_GPG2, 1);
}
}
}
/* [cgw]: */
static struct s3c2410_spigpio_info spi_dev = {
.pin_clk = S3C2410_GPG7,
.pin_mosi = S3C2410_GPG5,
.pin_miso = S3C2410_GPG6,
.board_size = 1, /* [cgw]: 設置板上spi接口數量為1 */
.board_info = &board_info[0],
.chip_select = ssd1306_chip_select
};
static void spi_dev_release(struct device * dev)
{
printk("spi_dev_release! \n");
}
/* [cgw]: 分配一個平台設備 */
static struct platform_device spi_platform_dev = {
.name = "s3c24xx-spi-gpio", /* [cgw]: 設置平台設備名，和平台驅動名對應 */
.id = -1,
.dev = {
.release = spi_dev_release,
.platform_data = (void *)&spi_dev, /* [cgw]: 通過platform_data傳遞spi_dev給平台驅動
* 平台驅動可以訪問spi_dev
*/
},
};
static int spi_dev_init(void)
{
/* [cgw]: 注冊spi_platform_dev平台設備 */
platform_device_register(&spi_platform_dev);
return 0;
}
static void spi_dev_exit(void)
{
/* [cgw]: 注銷spi_platform_dev平台設備 */
platform_device_unregister(&spi_platform_dev);
}
module_init(spi_dev_init);
module_exit(spi_dev_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
spi_ssd1306_drv.c
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
#include <linux/mtd/partitions.h>
#include <linux/spi/spi.h>
#define SSD1306_CMD 0
#define SSD1306_DAT 1
#define SSD1306_WIDTH 128
#define SSD1306_HEIGHT 64
static uint8_t s_chDispalyBuffer[128][8];
const uint8_t c_chFont1608[95][16] = {
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*" ",0*/
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0xCC,0x00,0x0C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"!",1*/
{0x00,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x60,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*""",2*/
{0x02,0x20,0x03,0xFC,0x1E,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x03,0xFC,0x1E,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x00,0x00},/*"#",3*/
{0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x18,0x11,0x04,0x3F,0xFF,0x10,0x84,0x0C,0x78,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"$",4*/
{0x0F,0x00,0x10,0x84,0x0F,0x38,0x00,0xC0,0x07,0x78,0x18,0x84,0x00,0x78,0x00,0x00},/*"%",5*/
{0x00,0x78,0x0F,0x84,0x10,0xC4,0x11,0x24,0x0E,0x98,0x00,0xE4,0x00,0x84,0x00,0x08},/*"&",6*/
{0x08,0x00,0x68,0x00,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"'",7*/
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0xE0,0x18,0x18,0x20,0x04,0x40,0x02,0x00,0x00},/*"(",8*/
{0x00,0x00,0x40,0x02,0x20,0x04,0x18,0x18,0x07,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*")",9*/
{0x02,0x40,0x02,0x40,0x01,0x80,0x0F,0xF0,0x01,0x80,0x02,0x40,0x02,0x40,0x00,0x00},/*"*",10*/
{0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x0F,0xF8,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00},/*"+",11*/
{0x00,0x01,0x00,0x0D,0x00,0x0E,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*",",12*/
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80},/*"-",13*/
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0C,0x00,0x0C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*".",14*/
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x06,0x00,0x18,0x00,0x60,0x01,0x80,0x06,0x00,0x18,0x00,0x20,0x00},/*"/",15*/
{0x00,0x00,0x07,0xF0,0x08,0x08,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x08,0x08,0x07,0xF0,0x00,0x00},/*"0",16*/
{0x00,0x00,0x08,0x04,0x08,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"1",17*/
{0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x0C,0x10,0x14,0x10,0x24,0x10,0x44,0x11,0x84,0x0E,0x0C,0x00,0x00},/*"2",18*/
{0x00,0x00,0x0C,0x18,0x10,0x04,0x11,0x04,0x11,0x04,0x12,0x88,0x0C,0x70,0x00,0x00},/*"3",19*/
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0x03,0x20,0x04,0x24,0x08,0x24,0x1F,0xFC,0x00,0x24,0x00,0x00},/*"4",20*/
{0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x98,0x10,0x84,0x11,0x04,0x11,0x04,0x10,0x88,0x10,0x70,0x00,0x00},/*"5",21*/
{0x00,0x00,0x07,0xF0,0x08,0x88,0x11,0x04,0x11,0x04,0x18,0x88,0x00,0x70,0x00,0x00},/*"6",22*/
{0x00,0x00,0x1C,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x10,0xFC,0x13,0x00,0x1C,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"7",23*/
{0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x38,0x11,0x44,0x10,0x84,0x10,0x84,0x11,0x44,0x0E,0x38,0x00,0x00},/*"8",24*/
{0x00,0x00,0x07,0x00,0x08,0x8C,0x10,0x44,0x10,0x44,0x08,0x88,0x07,0xF0,0x00,0x00},/*"9",25*/
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0x0C,0x03,0x0C,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*":",26*/
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x06,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*";",27*/
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x01,0x40,0x02,0x20,0x04,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x10,0x04,0x00,0x00},/*"<",28*/
{0x02,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x02,0x20,0x00,0x00},/*"=",29*/
{0x00,0x00,0x10,0x04,0x08,0x08,0x04,0x10,0x02,0x20,0x01,0x40,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00},/*">",30*/
{0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x00,0x12,0x00,0x10,0x0C,0x10,0x6C,0x10,0x80,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"?",31*/
{0x03,0xE0,0x0C,0x18,0x13,0xE4,0x14,0x24,0x17,0xC4,0x08,0x28,0x07,0xD0,0x00,0x00},/*"@",32*/
{0x00,0x04,0x00,0x3C,0x03,0xC4,0x1C,0x40,0x07,0x40,0x00,0xE4,0x00,0x1C,0x00,0x04},/*"A",33*/
{0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x11,0x04,0x11,0x04,0x11,0x04,0x0E,0x88,0x00,0x70,0x00,0x00},/*"B",34*/
{0x03,0xE0,0x0C,0x18,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x08,0x1C,0x10,0x00,0x00},/*"C",35*/
{0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x08,0x08,0x07,0xF0,0x00,0x00},/*"D",36*/
{0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x11,0x04,0x11,0x04,0x17,0xC4,0x10,0x04,0x08,0x18,0x00,0x00},/*"E",37*/
{0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x11,0x04,0x11,0x00,0x17,0xC0,0x10,0x00,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"F",38*/
{0x03,0xE0,0x0C,0x18,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x44,0x1C,0x78,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x00},/*"G",39*/
{0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x10,0x84,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x10,0x84,0x1F,0xFC,0x10,0x04},/*"H",40*/
{0x00,0x00,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"I",41*/
{0x00,0x03,0x00,0x01,0x10,0x01,0x10,0x01,0x1F,0xFE,0x10,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"J",42*/
{0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x11,0x04,0x03,0x80,0x14,0x64,0x18,0x1C,0x10,0x04,0x00,0x00},/*"K",43*/
{0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x10,0x04,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x0C,0x00,0x00},/*"L",44*/
{0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x1F,0x00,0x00,0xFC,0x1F,0x00,0x1F,0xFC,0x10,0x04,0x00,0x00},/*"M",45*/
{0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x0C,0x04,0x03,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0x10,0x18,0x1F,0xFC,0x10,0x00},/*"N",46*/
{0x07,0xF0,0x08,0x08,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x08,0x08,0x07,0xF0,0x00,0x00},/*"O",47*/
{0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x10,0x84,0x10,0x80,0x10,0x80,0x10,0x80,0x0F,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"P",48*/
{0x07,0xF0,0x08,0x18,0x10,0x24,0x10,0x24,0x10,0x1C,0x08,0x0A,0x07,0xF2,0x00,0x00},/*"Q",49*/
{0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x11,0x04,0x11,0x00,0x11,0xC0,0x11,0x30,0x0E,0x0C,0x00,0x04},/*"R",50*/
{0x00,0x00,0x0E,0x1C,0x11,0x04,0x10,0x84,0x10,0x84,0x10,0x44,0x1C,0x38,0x00,0x00},/*"S",51*/
{0x18,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x00,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"T",52*/
{0x10,0x00,0x1F,0xF8,0x10,0x04,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xF8,0x10,0x00},/*"U",53*/
{0x10,0x00,0x1E,0x00,0x11,0xE0,0x00,0x1C,0x00,0x70,0x13,0x80,0x1C,0x00,0x10,0x00},/*"V",54*/
{0x1F,0xC0,0x10,0x3C,0x00,0xE0,0x1F,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0x10,0x3C,0x1F,0xC0,0x00,0x00},/*"W",55*/
{0x10,0x04,0x18,0x0C,0x16,0x34,0x01,0xC0,0x01,0xC0,0x16,0x34,0x18,0x0C,0x10,0x04},/*"X",56*/
{0x10,0x00,0x1C,0x00,0x13,0x04,0x00,0xFC,0x13,0x04,0x1C,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"Y",57*/
{0x08,0x04,0x10,0x1C,0x10,0x64,0x10,0x84,0x13,0x04,0x1C,0x04,0x10,0x18,0x00,0x00},/*"Z",58*/
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7F,0xFE,0x40,0x02,0x40,0x02,0x40,0x02,0x00,0x00},/*"[",59*/
{0x00,0x00,0x30,0x00,0x0C,0x00,0x03,0x80,0x00,0x60,0x00,0x1C,0x00,0x03,0x00,0x00},/*"\",60*/
{0x00,0x00,0x40,0x02,0x40,0x02,0x40,0x02,0x7F,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"]",61*/
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"^",62*/
{0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01},/*"_",63*/
{0x00,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"`",64*/
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x98,0x01,0x24,0x01,0x44,0x01,0x44,0x01,0x44,0x00,0xFC,0x00,0x04},/*"a",65*/
{0x10,0x00,0x1F,0xFC,0x00,0x88,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x00,0x88,0x00,0x70,0x00,0x00},/*"b",66*/
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x70,0x00,0x88,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x00,0x88,0x00,0x00},/*"c",67*/
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x70,0x00,0x88,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x11,0x08,0x1F,0xFC,0x00,0x04},/*"d",68*/
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x01,0x44,0x01,0x44,0x01,0x44,0x01,0x44,0x00,0xC8,0x00,0x00},/*"e",69*/
{0x00,0x00,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x0F,0xFC,0x11,0x04,0x11,0x04,0x11,0x00,0x18,0x00},/*"f",70*/
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0xD6,0x01,0x29,0x01,0x29,0x01,0x29,0x01,0xC9,0x01,0x06,0x00,0x00},/*"g",71*/
{0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x00,0x84,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x04,0x00,0xFC,0x00,0x04},/*"h",72*/
{0x00,0x00,0x01,0x04,0x19,0x04,0x19,0xFC,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"i",73*/
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x03,0x00,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x19,0x01,0x19,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"j",74*/
{0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x00,0x24,0x00,0x40,0x01,0xB4,0x01,0x0C,0x01,0x04,0x00,0x00},/*"k",75*/
{0x00,0x00,0x10,0x04,0x10,0x04,0x1F,0xFC,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"l",76*/
{0x01,0x04,0x01,0xFC,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x00,0x01,0xFC,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x00,0x00,0xFC},/*"m",77*/
{0x01,0x04,0x01,0xFC,0x00,0x84,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x04,0x00,0xFC,0x00,0x04},/*"n",78*/
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x00},/*"o",79*/
{0x01,0x01,0x01,0xFF,0x00,0x85,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x00,0x88,0x00,0x70,0x00,0x00},/*"p",80*/
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x70,0x00,0x88,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x05,0x01,0xFF,0x00,0x01},/*"q",81*/
{0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x01,0xFC,0x00,0x84,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x80,0x00,0x00},/*"r",82*/
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0xCC,0x01,0x24,0x01,0x24,0x01,0x24,0x01,0x24,0x01,0x98,0x00,0x00},/*"s",83*/
{0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x07,0xF8,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"t",84*/
{0x01,0x00,0x01,0xF8,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x04,0x00,0x04,0x01,0x08,0x01,0xFC,0x00,0x04},/*"u",85*/
{0x01,0x00,0x01,0x80,0x01,0x70,0x00,0x0C,0x00,0x10,0x01,0x60,0x01,0x80,0x01,0x00},/*"v",86*/
{0x01,0xF0,0x01,0x0C,0x00,0x30,0x01,0xC0,0x00,0x30,0x01,0x0C,0x01,0xF0,0x01,0x00},/*"w",87*/
{0x00,0x00,0x01,0x04,0x01,0x8C,0x00,0x74,0x01,0x70,0x01,0x8C,0x01,0x04,0x00,0x00},/*"x",88*/
{0x01,0x01,0x01,0x81,0x01,0x71,0x00,0x0E,0x00,0x18,0x01,0x60,0x01,0x80,0x01,0x00},/*"y",89*/
{0x00,0x00,0x01,0x84,0x01,0x0C,0x01,0x34,0x01,0x44,0x01,0x84,0x01,0x0C,0x00,0x00},/*"z",90*/
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x3E,0xFC,0x40,0x02,0x40,0x02},/*"{",91*/
{0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"|",92*/
{0x00,0x00,0x40,0x02,0x40,0x02,0x3E,0xFC,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00},/*"}",93*/
{0x00,0x00,0x60,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x20,0x00},/*"~",94*/
};
struct spi_device *spi_ssd1306_dev;
static void ssd1306_write_byte(uint8_t chData, uint8_t chCmd)
{
struct spi_transfer t;
struct spi_message m;
uint16_t data = chData;
memset(&t,0,sizeof(struct spi_transfer));
if (chCmd) {
data |= (1 << 8);
} else {
data &= ~(1 << 8);
}
t.tx_buf = &data;
t.len = 2;
t.bits_per_word = 9;
//t.cs_change = 1;
spi_message_init(&m);
spi_message_add_tail(&t, &m);
spi_sync(spi_ssd1306_dev, &m);
}
void ssd1306_display_on(void)
{
ssd1306_write_byte(0x8D, SSD1306_CMD);
ssd1306_write_byte(0x14, SSD1306_CMD);
ssd1306_write_byte(0xAF, SSD1306_CMD);
}
/**
* @brief OLED turns off
*
* @param None
*
* @retval None
**/
void ssd1306_display_off(void)
{
ssd1306_write_byte(0x8D, SSD1306_CMD);
ssd1306_write_byte(0x10, SSD1306_CMD);
ssd1306_write_byte(0xAE, SSD1306_CMD);
}
void ssd1306_refresh_gram(void)
{
uint8_t i, j;
for (i = 0; i < 8; i ++) {
ssd1306_write_byte(0xB0 + i, SSD1306_CMD);
ssd1306_write_byte(0x02, SSD1306_CMD);
ssd1306_write_byte(0x10, SSD1306_CMD);
for (j = 0; j < 128; j ++) {
ssd1306_write_byte(s_chDispalyBuffer[j][i], SSD1306_DAT);
}
}
}
void ssd1306_clear_screen(uint8_t chFill)
{
memset(s_chDispalyBuffer,chFill, sizeof(s_chDispalyBuffer));
ssd1306_refresh_gram();
}
/**
* @brief Draws a piont on the screen
*
* @param chXpos: Specifies the X position
* @param chYpos: Specifies the Y position
* @param chPoint: 0: the point turns off 1: the piont turns on
*
* @retval None
**/
void ssd1306_draw_point(uint8_t chXpos, uint8_t chYpos, uint8_t chPoint)
{
uint8_t chPos, chBx, chTemp = 0;
if (chXpos > 127 || chYpos > 63) {
return;
}
chPos = 7 - chYpos / 8; //
chBx = chYpos % 8;
chTemp = 1 << (7 - chBx);
if (chPoint) {
s_chDispalyBuffer[chXpos][chPos] |= chTemp;
} else {
s_chDispalyBuffer[chXpos][chPos] &= ~chTemp;
}
}
/**
* @brief Fills a rectangle
*
* @param chXpos1: Specifies the X position 1 (X top left position)
* @param chYpos1: Specifies the Y position 1 (Y top left position)
* @param chXpos2: Specifies the X position 2 (X bottom right position)
* @param chYpos3: Specifies the Y position 2 (Y bottom right position)
*
* @retval
**/
void ssd1306_fill_screen(uint8_t chXpos1, uint8_t chYpos1, uint8_t chXpos2, uint8_t chYpos2, uint8_t chDot)
{
uint8_t chXpos, chYpos;
for (chXpos = chXpos1; chXpos <= chXpos2; chXpos ++) {
for (chYpos = chYpos1; chYpos <= chYpos2; chYpos ++) {
ssd1306_draw_point(chXpos, chYpos, chDot);
}
}
ssd1306_refresh_gram();
}
/**
* @brief Displays one character at the specified position
*
* @param chXpos: Specifies the X position
* @param chYpos: Specifies the Y position
* @param chSize:
* @param chMode
* @retval
**/
void ssd1306_display_char(uint8_t chXpos, uint8_t chYpos, uint8_t chChr, uint8_t chSize, uint8_t chMode)
{
uint8_t i, j;
uint8_t chTemp, chYpos0 = chYpos;
chChr = chChr - ' ';
for (i = 0; i < chSize; i ++) {
if (chMode) {
chTemp = c_chFont1608[chChr][i];
} else {
chTemp = ~c_chFont1608[chChr][i];
}
for (j = 0; j < 8; j ++) {
if (chTemp & 0x80) {
ssd1306_draw_point(chXpos, chYpos, 1);
} else {
ssd1306_draw_point(chXpos, chYpos, 0);
}
chTemp <<= 1;
chYpos ++;
if ((chYpos - chYpos0) == chSize) {
chYpos = chYpos0;
chXpos ++;
break;
}
}
}
}
/**
* @brief Displays a string on the screen
*
* @param chXpos: Specifies the X position
* @param chYpos: Specifies the Y position
* @param pchString: Pointer to a string to display on the screen
*
* @retval None
**/
void ssd1306_display_string(uint8_t chXpos, uint8_t chYpos, const uint8_t *pchString, uint8_t chSize, uint8_t chMode)
{
while (*pchString != '\0') {
if (chXpos > (SSD1306_WIDTH - chSize / 2)) {
chXpos = 0;
chYpos += chSize;
if (chYpos > (SSD1306_HEIGHT - chSize)) {
chYpos = chXpos = 0;
ssd1306_clear_screen(0x00);
}
}
ssd1306_display_char(chXpos, chYpos, *pchString, chSize, chMode);
chXpos += chSize / 2;
pchString ++;
}
}
void ssd1306_init(void)
{
ssd1306_write_byte(0xAE, SSD1306_CMD);//--turn off oled panel
ssd1306_write_byte(0x00, SSD1306_CMD);//---set low column address
ssd1306_write_byte(0x10, SSD1306_CMD);//---set high column address
ssd1306_write_byte(0x40, SSD1306_CMD);//--set start line address Set Mapping RAM Display Start Line (0x00~0x3F)
ssd1306_write_byte(0x81, SSD1306_CMD);//--set contrast control register
ssd1306_write_byte(0xCF, SSD1306_CMD);// Set SEG Output Current Brightness
ssd1306_write_byte(0xA1, SSD1306_CMD);//--Set SEG/Column Mapping
ssd1306_write_byte(0xC0, SSD1306_CMD);//Set COM/Row Scan Direction
ssd1306_write_byte(0xA6, SSD1306_CMD);//--set normal display
ssd1306_write_byte(0xA8, SSD1306_CMD);//--set multiplex ratio(1 to 64)
ssd1306_write_byte(0x3f, SSD1306_CMD);//--1/64 duty
ssd1306_write_byte(0xD3, SSD1306_CMD);//-set display offset Shift Mapping RAM Counter (0x00~0x3F)
ssd1306_write_byte(0x00, SSD1306_CMD);//-not offset
ssd1306_write_byte(0xd5, SSD1306_CMD);//--set display clock divide ratio/oscillator frequency
ssd1306_write_byte(0x80, SSD1306_CMD);//--set divide ratio, Set Clock as 100 Frames/Sec
ssd1306_write_byte(0xD9, SSD1306_CMD);//--set pre-charge period
ssd1306_write_byte(0xF1, SSD1306_CMD);//Set Pre-Charge as 15 Clocks & Discharge as 1 Clock
ssd1306_write_byte(0xDA, SSD1306_CMD);//--set com pins hardware configuration
ssd1306_write_byte(0x12, SSD1306_CMD);
ssd1306_write_byte(0xDB, SSD1306_CMD);//--set vcomh
ssd1306_write_byte(0x40, SSD1306_CMD);//Set VCOM Deselect Level
ssd1306_write_byte(0x20, SSD1306_CMD);//-Set Page Addressing Mode (0x00/0x01/0x02)
ssd1306_write_byte(0x02, SSD1306_CMD);//
ssd1306_write_byte(0x8D, SSD1306_CMD);//--set Charge Pump enable/disable
ssd1306_write_byte(0x14, SSD1306_CMD);//--set(0x10) disable
ssd1306_write_byte(0xA4, SSD1306_CMD);// Disable Entire Display On (0xa4/0xa5)
ssd1306_write_byte(0xA6, SSD1306_CMD);// Disable Inverse Display On (0xa6/a7)
ssd1306_write_byte(0xAF, SSD1306_CMD);//--turn on oled panel
ssd1306_display_on();
ssd1306_clear_screen(0xff);
}
static int __devinit spi_ssd1306_probe(struct spi_device *spi)
{
printk("spi_ssd1306_probe\n");
spi_ssd1306_dev = spi;
spi_ssd1306_dev->bits_per_word = 9;
ssd1306_init();
ssd1306_clear_screen(0x00);
ssd1306_display_off();
ssd1306_display_string(18, 0, "hello, Linux!", 16, 1);
ssd1306_display_string(0, 16, "this is a spi driver demo!", 16, 1);
ssd1306_refresh_gram();
ssd1306_display_on();
return 0;
}
static int __devexit spi_ssd1306_remove(struct spi_device *spi)
{
printk("ssd1306_remove\n");
ssd1306_clear_screen(0x00);
ssd1306_display_off();
return 0;
}
static struct spi_driver spi_ssd1306_driver = {
.driver = {
.name = "spi_ssd1306",
.bus = &spi_bus_type,
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
},
.probe = spi_ssd1306_probe,
.remove = __devexit_p(spi_ssd1306_remove),
};
static int spi_ssd1306_init(void)
{
return spi_register_driver(&spi_ssd1306_driver);
}
static void spi_ssd1306_exit(void)
{
spi_unregister_driver(&spi_ssd1306_driver);
}
module_init(spi_ssd1306_init);
module_exit(spi_ssd1306_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
makefile
KERN_DIR = /work/system/linux-2.6.22.6
all:
make -C $(KERN_DIR) M=`pwd` modules
clean:
make -C $(KERN_DIR) M=`pwd` modules clean
rm -rf modules.order
obj-m += spi_platform_dev.o
obj-m += spi_s3c24xx_gpio.o
obj-m += spi_bitbang.o
obj-m += spi_ssd1306_drv.o
實驗現象：