閱讀目錄
讀和寫是I/O的基本過程。從一個通道中讀取只需創建一個緩沖區,然後讓通道將數據讀到這個緩沖區。寫入的過程是創建一個緩沖區,用數據填充它,然後讓通道用這些數據來執行寫入操作。
如果使用原來的I/O,那麼只需要創建一個FileInputStream並從它那裡讀取,示例代碼如下:
public class BioTest { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { FileInputStream in=null; try { in=new FileInputStream("src/main/java/data/nio-data.txt"); int b; while((b=in.read())!=-1) { //一次讀一個字節 System.out.print((char)b); } } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
在NIO系統中,任何時候執行一個讀操作,都是從通道中讀取,所有的數據最終都是駐留在緩沖區中。讀文件涉及三個步驟:
示例代碼如下:
//讀文件 private static void readFileNio() { FileInputStream fileInputStream; try { fileInputStream = new FileInputStream("src/main/java/data/nio-data.txt"); FileChannel fileChannel=fileInputStream.getChannel();//從 FileInputStream 獲取通道 ByteBuffer byteBuffer=ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);//創建緩沖區 int bytesRead=fileChannel.read(byteBuffer);//將數據讀到緩沖區 while(bytesRead!=-1) { /*limit=position * position=0; */ byteBuffer.flip(); //hasRemaining():告知在當前位置和限制之間是否有元素 while (byteBuffer.hasRemaining()) { System.out.print((char) byteBuffer.get()); } /* * 清空緩沖區 * position=0; * limit=capacity; */ byteBuffer.clear(); bytesRead = fileChannel.read(byteBuffer); } } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } }
private static void writeFile() { FileOutputStream out=null; try { out=new FileOutputStream("src/main/java/data/nio-data.txt"); out.write("hello".getBytes()); } catch(Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
//寫文件 private static void writeFileNio() { try { RandomAccessFile fout = new RandomAccessFile("src/main/java/data/nio-data.txt", "rw"); FileChannel fc=fout.getChannel(); ByteBuffer buffer=ByteBuffer.allocate(1024); buffer.put("hi123".getBytes()); buffer.flip(); try { fc.write(buffer); } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } }
將一個文件的所有內容拷貝到另一個文件中。CopyFile.java 執行三個基本操作:首先創建一個 Buffer
,然後從源文件中將數據讀到這個緩沖區中,然後將緩沖區寫入目標文件。這個程序不斷重復 ― 讀、寫、讀、寫 ― 直到源文件結束。示例代碼如下:
//拷貝文件 private static void copyFile() { FileInputStream in=null; FileOutputStream out=null; try { in=new FileInputStream("src/main/java/data/in-data.txt"); out=new FileOutputStream("src/main/java/data/out-data.txt"); FileChannel inChannel=in.getChannel(); FileChannel outChannel=out.getChannel(); ByteBuffer buffer=ByteBuffer.allocate(1024); int bytesRead = inChannel.read(buffer); while (bytesRead!=-1) { buffer.flip(); outChannel.write(buffer); buffer.clear(); bytesRead = inChannel.read(buffer); } } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } }