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簡單的Spring MVC經典案例

主題:構建一個基於SpringMVC的HelloWord Web 項目

目的:快速體驗什麼是SpringMVC

方案

  1、創建工程,命名:SpringMVC

  

  2、導包

  

  3、在SRC下添加spring-mvc.xml配置文件

   (注意:名字可以隨便取,最好就是看上就知道是什麼)

  

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
               http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">


</beans> 

  4、在web.xml配置封裝在Spring裡面的servlet--DispatcherServlet前端控制器,並指定spring-mvc.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-appxmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
  <display-name>SpringMVC</display-name>
  <servlet>
      <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
      <!-- DispathcherServlet 前端控制器-->
      <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
      <init-param>
          <!-- 變量名隨便取-->
          <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
          <!-- 指定SpringMVC配置文件名-->
          <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
      </init-param>
      <!-- load-on-startup等於1,則表示容器啟動就實例化此Servlet-->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>     
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
      <!-- 要與上面Servlet的名字對應-->
      <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
      <!-- 用來匹配客戶端請求-->
      <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app> 

  5、在spring-mvc.xml中配置 【HandlerMapping組件】------------------作用------>設置客戶端請求與Controller

                       【InternalResourceViewResolver組件】--作用------>設置視圖配置

                                               【HelloController】------------------------作用------->測試請求處理

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
              http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!-- 定義客戶端請求映射關系-->
    <!-- HeanlerMapping是Spring核心組件之一-->
    <beanid="headlerMapping"
          class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
        <propertyname="mappings">
            <map>
                <entrykey="/hello.action">
                    <value>helloController</value>
                </entry>
            </map>
        </property>
    </bean>
   
    <!-- 增加HelloController的Bean-->
    <beanid="helloController" class="controller.HelloController" />
   
    <!-- 定義視圖解釋器(Spring核心組件之一)-->
    <beanid="viewResolver"
          class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
          <propertyname="prefix" value="WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
          <propertyname="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
</beans> 

  6、編寫HelloController【注意:需要實現Controller接口】

package controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;

public class HelloController implements Controller{

    @Override
   public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1) throws Exception {
        ModelAndView mv= new ModelAndView("hello");
        System.out.println("處理hello.action請求");
       return mv;
    }
   
}

  7、在WEB-INF文件夾下新增"jsp"文件夾,並添加hello.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<metahttp-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
    歡迎來到Spring的世界!
</body>
</html>

  8、跑起來吧兄弟們~然後訪問http://localhost/SpringMVC/hello.action,效果如下:

  

  

Spring MVC+Spring3+Hibernate4開發環境搭建 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-07/87119.htm

Spring MVC整合Freemarker基於注解方式 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-02/79660.htm

基於注解的Spring MVC簡單介紹 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-02/54896.htm

Spring MVC 框架搭建及詳解 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-01/52740.htm

Spring MVC使用Cron表達式的定時器 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-12/110733.htm

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