Web技術發展的今天，Json和XML已經成為了web數據的事實標准，然而這種格式化的數據手工解析又非常麻煩，軟件工程界永遠不缺少工具，每當有需求的時候就會出現各種類庫，框架以及工具來解決這些基礎的問題，Jackson就是這些工具中的一個，使用這個工具開發者完全可以從手工結束Json數據的重復勞動中解放出來。使用Jackson首先需要下載相應的類庫，如下的Maven dependency列出了完整的POM dependency。
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>${jackson-2-version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Just the annotations; use this dependency if you want to attach annotations
to classes without connecting them to the code. -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
<version>${jackson-2-version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- databinding; ObjectMapper, JsonNode and related classes are here -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>${jackson-2-version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- smile (binary JSON). Other artifacts in this group do other formats. -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-dataformat-smile</artifactId>
<version>${jackson-2-version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JAX-RS provider -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.jaxrs</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-jaxrs-json-provider</artifactId>
<version>${jackson-2-version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Support for JAX-B annotations as additional configuration -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.module</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-module-jaxb-annotations</artifactId>
<version>${jackson-2-version}</version>
</dependency>
比如我們需要解析的Json數據如下：
{
"id": 123,
"name": "Pankaj",
"permanent": true,
"address": {
"street": "Albany Dr",
"city": "San Jose",
"zipcode": 95129
},
"phoneNumbers": [
123456,
],
"role": "Manager",
"cities": [
"Los Angeles",
"New York"
],
"properties": {
"age": "29 years",
"salary": "1000 USD"
}
}
對應的Model Class 如下：
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public class Employee {
private int id;
private String name;
private boolean permanent;
private Address address;
private long[] phoneNumbers;
private String role;
private List<String> cities;
private Map<String, String> properties;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public boolean isPermanent() {
return permanent;
}
public void setPermanent(boolean permanent) {
this.permanent = permanent;
}
public Address getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(Address address) {
this.address = address;
}
public long[] getPhoneNumbers() {
return phoneNumbers;
}
public void setPhoneNumbers(long[] phoneNumbers) {
this.phoneNumbers = phoneNumbers;
}
public String getRole() {
return role;
}
public void setRole(String role) {
this.role = role;
}
@Override
public String toString(){
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.append("***** Employee Details *****\n");
sb.append("ID="+getId()+"\n");
sb.append("Name="+getName()+"\n");
sb.append("Permanent="+isPermanent()+"\n");
sb.append("Role="+getRole()+"\n");
sb.append("Phone Numbers="+Arrays.toString(getPhoneNumbers())+"\n");
sb.append("Address="+getAddress()+"\n");
sb.append("Cities="+Arrays.toString(getCities().toArray())+"\n");
sb.append("Properties="+getProperties()+"\n");
sb.append("*****************************");
return sb.toString();
}
public List<String> getCities() {
return cities;
}
public void setCities(List<String> cities) {
this.cities = cities;
}
public Map<String, String> getProperties() {
return properties;
}
public void setProperties(Map<String, String> properties) {
this.properties = properties;
}
}
當我們需要操作Json數據的時候，如下代碼示范了如何將Json數據反序列化為對象以及如何將對象序列化為Json數據。
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.StringWriter;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.SerializationFeature;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.node.ObjectNode;
public class JacksonObjectMapperExample {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
//read json file data to String
byte[] jsonData = Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get("C:\\employee.txt"));
//create ObjectMapper instance
ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
//convert json string to object
Employee emp = objectMapper.readValue(jsonData, Employee.class);
System.out.println("Employee Object\n"+emp);
//convert Object to json string
Employee emp1 = createEmployee();
//configure Object mapper for pretty print
objectMapper.configure(SerializationFeature.INDENT_OUTPUT, true);
//writing to console, can write to any output stream such as file
StringWriter stringEmp = new StringWriter();
objectMapper.writeValue(stringEmp, emp1);
System.out.println("Employee JSON is\n"+stringEmp);
}
public static Employee createEmployee() {
Employee emp = new Employee();
emp.setId(100);
emp.setName("David");
emp.setPermanent(false);
emp.setPhoneNumbers(new long[] { 123456, 987654 });
emp.setRole("Manager");
Address add = new Address();
add.setCity("Bangalore");
add.setStreet("BTM 1st Stage");
add.setZipcode(560100);
emp.setAddress(add);
List<String> cities = new ArrayList<String>();
cities.add("Los Angeles");
cities.add("New York");
emp.setCities(cities);
Map<String, String> props = new HashMap<String, String>();
props.put("salary", "1000 Rs");
props.put("age", "28 years");
emp.setProperties(props);
return emp;
}
}
結果如下：
Employee Object
***** Employee Details *****
ID=123
Name=Pankaj
Permanent=true
Role=Manager
Phone Numbers=[123456, 987654]
Address=Albany Dr, San Jose, 95129
Cities=[Los Angeles, New York]
Properties={age=29 years, salary=1000 USD}
*****************************
Employee JSON is
{
"id" : 100,
"name" : "David",
"permanent" : false,
"address" : {
"street" : "BTM 1st Stage",
"city" : "Bangalore",
"zipcode" : 560100
},
"phoneNumbers" : [ 123456, 987654 ],
"role" : "Manager",
"cities" : [ "Los Angeles", "New York" ],
"properties" : {
"salary" : "1000 Rs",
"age" : "28 years"
}
}
總結
本文以一個完整的示例總結了Java對象序列化為Json對象和反序列化的過程，希望可以拋磚引玉對大家有所幫助。