Django1.5自定義用戶profile可謂簡單很多,編寫自己的model類MyUser,MyUser至少要滿足如下要求:
一:在project中創建一個account app
django-admin startapp account
二:自定義MyUser
實現自定義User模型最簡單的方式就是繼承AbstractBaseUser,AbstractBaseUser實現了User的核心功能,你只需對一些額外的細節進行實現就可以了。可以看看AbstractBaseUser的源碼:
@python_2_unicode_compatible
class AbstractBaseUser(models.Model):
password = models.CharField(_('password'), max_length=128)
last_login = models.DateTimeField(_('last login'), default=timezone.now)
is_active = True
REQUIRED_FIELDS = []
class Meta:
abstract = True
def get_username(self):
"Return the identifying username for this User"
return getattr(self, self.USERNAME_FIELD)
def __str__(self):
return self.get_username()
def natural_key(self):
return (self.get_username(),)
def is_anonymous(self):
"""
Always returns False. This is a way of comparing User objects to
anonymous users.
"""
return False
def is_authenticated(self):
"""
Always return True. This is a way to tell if the user has been
authenticated in templates.
"""
return True
def set_password(self, raw_password):
self.password = make_password(raw_password)
def check_password(self, raw_password):
"""
Returns a boolean of whether the raw_password was correct. Handles
hashing formats behind the scenes.
"""
def setter(raw_password):
self.set_password(raw_password)
self.save(update_fields=["password"])
return check_password(raw_password, self.password, setter)
def set_unusable_password(self):
# Sets a value that will never be a valid hash
self.password = make_password(None)
def has_usable_password(self):
return is_password_usable(self.password)
def get_full_name(self):
raise NotImplementedError()
def get_short_name(self):
raise NotImplementedError()
AbstractBaseUser只有getfullname和getshortname方法沒有實現了。 接下來我們就通過繼承AbstractBaseUser來自定義User模型叫MyUser:
class MyUser(AbstractBaseUser, PermissionsMixin):
username = models.CharField('username', max_length=30, unique=True,
db_index=True)
email = models.EmailField('email address',max_length=254, unique=True)
date_of_birth = models.DateField('date of birth', blank=True, null=True)
USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['username']
is_staff = models.BooleanField('staff status', default=False,
help_text='Designates whether the user can log into this admin '
'site.')
is_active = models.BooleanField('active', default=True,
help_text='Designates whether this user should be treated as '
'active. Unselect this instead of deleting accounts.')
def get_full_name(self):
full_name = '%s %s' % (self.first_name, self.last_name)
return full_name.strip()
def get_short_name(self):
return self.first_name
objects = MyUserManager()
USERNAME_FIELD :作為用戶登錄認證用的字段,可以usename,或者email等,但必須是唯一的。
REQUIRED_FIELDS :使用createsuperuser命令創建超級用戶時提示操作者輸入的字段
is_staff :判斷用戶是否可以登錄管理後台
is_active :判斷用戶是否可以正常登錄
三:自定義MyUserManager
同時要為MyUser自定義個一個manager,通過繼承BaseUserManager,提供creat_user和create_superuser方法。
class MyUserManager(BaseUserManager):
def create_user(self, username, email=None, password=None, **extra_fields):
now = timezone.now()
if not email:
raise ValueError('The given email must be set')
email = UserManager.normalize_email(email)
user = self.model(username=username, email=email,
is_staff=False, is_active=True, is_superuser=False,
last_login=now, **extra_fields)
user.set_password(password)
user.save(using=self._db)
return user
def create_superuser(self, username, email, password, **extra_fields):
u = self.create_user(username, email, password, **extra_fields)
u.is_staff = True
u.is_active = True
u.is_superuser = True
u.save(using=self._db)
return u
四:指定AUTHUSERMODEL
覆蓋默認的AUTHUSERMODEL,在settings.py文件中增加: AUTHUSERMODEL = 'user.MyUser'
五:注冊MyUser
在account模塊下創建admin.py,添加如下代碼把MyUser模型注冊到admin中:
from django.contrib import admin
from user.models import MyUser
admin.site.register(MyUser)
總結:實現自定義的User模型在Django1.5足夠簡單方便,根據自己需求繼承AbstractBaseUser就可以了。當然如果你想了解更多關於Django 自定義用戶模型相關內容,官方文檔告訴你更多更好的完好
如果你有什麼建議和問題歡迎留言。
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