在上一篇文檔中（http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2015-01/112236.htm），對Spring Security中的身份認證的流程和管理進行了詳細介紹，本文將從實踐的角度告訴大家如何使用最簡便的方式用Spring Security進行身份驗證。
本文源代碼下載：
------------------------------------------分割線------------------------------------------
免費下載地址在 http://linux.linuxidc.com/
用戶名與密碼都是www.linuxidc.com
具體下載目錄在 /2015年資料/1月/22日/Spring Security身份認證之HelloSpringSecurity（附源碼）
下載方法見 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-07/87684.htm
------------------------------------------分割線------------------------------------------
開發環境如下：
項目目錄結構如下：
1.新建Maven Project，對Maven不熟悉的童鞋請自行充電，現在這個念頭不學習Maven絕對是不行的。
2. 在Pom.xml添加相關jar依賴。
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.favccxx.favsecurity</groupId>
<artifactId>HelloSpringSecurity</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>HelloSpringSecurity Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<spring.version>3.2.8.RELEASE</spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- <dependency> -->
<!-- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> -->
<!-- <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> -->
<!-- <version>${spring.version}</version> -->
<!-- </dependency> -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.freemarker</groupId>
<artifactId>freemarker</artifactId>
<version>2.3.20</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
<version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
<version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>HelloSpringSecurity</finalName>
</build>
</project>
3. 配置web.xml，在容器啟動時加載Spring MVC的配置文件與Spring Security的配置文件。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app id="helloSpringSecurity" version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<display-name>Hello Spring Security</display-name>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
classpath:springSecurity.xml
</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<filter>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-context.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
4. SpringSecurity.xml配置文件如下
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:security="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.2.xsd">
<security:http auto-config="true">
<security:intercept-url pattern="/admin" access="ROLE_ADMIN"/>
<security:intercept-url pattern="/confidential" access="ROLE_SUPERADMIN"/>
</security:http>
<security:authentication-manager>
<security:authentication-provider>
<security:user-service>
<security:user name="favccxx" password="favccxx" authorities="ROLE_USER,ROLE_ADMIN"/>
<security:user name="super" password="super" authorities="ROLE_SUPERADMIN"/>
</security:user-service>
</security:authentication-provider>
</security:authentication-manager>
</beans>
5.spring-context.xml配置文件如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
<context:component-scan base-package="com.favccxx.favsecurity.web"></context:component-scan>
<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass"
value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
6. 新建HelloSpringSecurityController.java文件，代碼如下：
package com.favccxx.favsecurity.web;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class HelloSpringSecurityController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public ModelAndView hello(){
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
mav.addObject("title", "Welcome - Spring Security Hello World");
mav.addObject("message", "This is welcome page!");
mav.setViewName("/hello");
return mav;
}
@RequestMapping(value = { "/", "/welcome" }, method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView welcome() {
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
mav.addObject("title", "Welcome - Spring Security Hello World");
mav.addObject("message", "This is welcome page!");
mav.setViewName("/hello");
return mav;
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/admin", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView admin() {
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
mav.addObject("title", "Admin - Spring Security Hello World");
mav.addObject("message", "This is protected page!");
mav.setViewName("/admin");
return mav;
}
}
}
7. 在/WEB-INF/views文件夾下分別創建admin.jsp和hello.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>${title}</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Title : ${title}</h1>
<h1>Message : ${message}</h1>
<c:if test="${pageContext.request.userPrincipal.name != null}">
<h2>
Welcome : ${pageContext.request.userPrincipal.name} | <a href="<c:url value="/j_spring_security_logout" />"> Logout</a>
</h2>
</c:if>
</body>
</html>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>${title}</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Title:${title}</h1>
<h1>Message:${message}</h1>
</body>
</html>
8. 系統運行效果圖如下
Spring Security 學習之數據庫認證 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-02/97407.htm
Spring Security 學習之LDAP認證 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-02/97406.htm
Spring Security 學習之OpenID認證 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-02/97405.htm
Spring Security 學習之X.509認證 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-02/97404.htm
Spring Security 學習之HTTP基本認證和HTTP摘要認證 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-02/97403.htm
Spring Security 學習之HTTP表單驗證 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-02/97402.htm