前面的文章中,我們曾經實現了一個HTTP的GET 和 POST 請求(見 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2012-07/66006.htm );此處我封裝了一個HTTP的get和post的輔助類,能夠更好的使用;
類名:HttpRequestUtil
提供了如下功能:
(1)模擬GET請求;
(2)模擬POST請求;
(3)模擬文件上傳請求;
(4)發送XML數據;
發送GET請求
(1)public static URLConnection sendGetRequest(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers)
參數:
(1)url:單純的URL,不帶任何參數;
(2)params:參數;
(3)headers:需要設置的HTTP請求頭;
返回:
HttpURLConnection
發送POST請求
(2)public static URLConnection sendPostRequest(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers)
參數:
(1)url:單純的URL,不帶任何參數;
(2)params:參數;
(3)headers:需要設置的HTTP請求頭;
返回:
HttpURLConnection
文件上傳
(3)public static boolean uploadFiles(String url, Map<String, String> params, FormFile[] files)
參數:
(1)url:單純URL
(2)params:參數;
(3)files:多個文件
返回:是否上傳成功
(4)public static boolean uploadFile(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile file)
參數:
(1)url:單純URL
(2)params:參數;
(3)file:一個文件
返回:是否上傳成功
發送XML數據
(5)public static byte[] postXml(String url, String xml, String encoding)
參數:
(1)url:單純URL
(2)xml:XML數據
(3)XML數據編碼
對於上傳文件,FormFile的構造函數聲明如下:
(1)public FormFile(String filname, byte[] data, String parameterName, String contentType)
參數:
(1)filname:文件的名稱
(2)data:文件的數據
(3)parameterName:HTML的文件上傳控件的參數的名字
(4)contentType:文件類型,比如text/plain為txt
(2)public FormFile(String filname, File file, String parameterName, String contentType)
參數:
(1)filname:文件的名稱
(2)file:文件名
(3)parameterName:HTML的文件上傳控件的參數的名字
(4)contentType:文件類型,比如text/plain為txt
FormFile.java
- package com.xiazdong.netword.http.util;
-
- import java.io.File;
- import java.io.FileInputStream;
- import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
- import java.io.InputStream;
-
- /**
- * 上傳文件
- */
- public class FormFile {
- /* 上傳文件的數據 */
- private byte[] data;
- private InputStream inStream;
- private File file;
- /* 文件名稱 */
- private String filname;
- /* 請求參數名稱*/
- private String parameterName;
- /* 內容類型 */
- private String contentType = "application/octet-stream";
-
- /**
- * 此函數用來傳輸小文件
- * @param filname
- * @param data
- * @param parameterName
- * @param contentType
- */
- public FormFile(String filname, byte[] data, String parameterName, String contentType) {
- this.data = data;
- this.filname = filname;
- this.parameterName = parameterName;
- if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;
- }
- /**
- * 此函數用來傳輸大文件
- * @param filname
- * @param file
- * @param parameterName
- * @param contentType
- */
- public FormFile(String filname, File file, String parameterName, String contentType) {
- this.filname = filname;
- this.parameterName = parameterName;
- this.file = file;
- try {
- this.inStream = new FileInputStream(file);
- } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;
- }
-
- public File getFile() {
- return file;
- }
-
- public InputStream getInStream() {
- return inStream;
- }
-
- public byte[] getData() {
- return data;
- }
-
- public String getFilname() {
- return filname;
- }
-
- public void setFilname(String filname) {
- this.filname = filname;
- }
-
- public String getParameterName() {
- return parameterName;
- }
-
- public void setParameterName(String parameterName) {
- this.parameterName = parameterName;
- }
-
- public String getContentType() {
- return contentType;
- }
-
- public void setContentType(String contentType) {
- this.contentType = contentType;
- }
-
- }
HttpRequestUtil.java
- package com.xiazdong.netword.http.util;
- import java.io.BufferedReader;
- import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
- import java.io.File;
- import java.io.FileInputStream;
- import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
- import java.io.InputStream;
- import java.io.InputStreamReader;
- import java.io.OutputStream;
- import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
- import java.net.InetAddress;
- import java.net.Socket;
- import java.net.URL;
- import java.net.URLConnection;
- import java.net.URLEncoder;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.Map;
- import java.util.Map.Entry;
- import java.util.Set;
-
- /*
- * 此類用來發送HTTP請求
- * */
- public class HttpRequestUtil {
- /**
- * 發送GET請求
- * @param url
- * @param params
- * @param headers
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static URLConnection sendGetRequest(String url,
- Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers)
- throws Exception {
- StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(url);
- Set<Entry<String, String>> entrys = null;
- // 如果是GET請求,則請求參數在URL中
- if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
- buf.append("?");
- entrys = params.entrySet();
- for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) {
- buf.append(entry.getKey()).append("=")
- .append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), "UTF-8"))
- .append("&");
- }
- buf.deleteCharAt(buf.length() - 1);
- }
- URL url1 = new URL(buf.toString());
- HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url1.openConnection();
- conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
- // 設置請求頭
- if (headers != null && !headers.isEmpty()) {
- entrys = headers.entrySet();
- for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) {
- conn.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
- }
- }
- conn.getResponseCode();
- return conn;
- }
- /**
- * 發送POST請求
- * @param url
- * @param params
- * @param headers
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static URLConnection sendPostRequest(String url,
- Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers)
- throws Exception {
- StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
- Set<Entry<String, String>> entrys = null;
- // 如果存在參數,則放在HTTP請求體,形如name=aaa&age=10
- if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) {
- entrys = params.entrySet();
- for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) {
- buf.append(entry.getKey()).append("=")
- .append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), "UTF-8"))
- .append("&");
- }
- buf.deleteCharAt(buf.length() - 1);
- }
- URL url1 = new URL(url);
- HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url1.openConnection();
- conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
- conn.setDoOutput(true);
- OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream();
- out.write(buf.toString().getBytes("UTF-8"));
- if (headers != null && !headers.isEmpty()) {
- entrys = headers.entrySet();
- for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) {
- conn.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
- }
- }
- conn.getResponseCode(); // 為了發送成功
- return conn;
- }
- /**
- * 直接通過HTTP協議提交數據到服務器,實現如下面表單提交功能:
- * <FORM METHOD=POST ACTION="http://192.168.0.200:8080/ssi/fileload/test.do" enctype="multipart/form-data">
- <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name">
- <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="id">
- <input type="file" name="imagefile"/>
- <input type="file" name="zip"/>
- </FORM>
- * @param path 上傳路徑(注:避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1這樣的路徑測試,因為它會指向手機模擬器,你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080這樣的路徑測試)
- * @param params 請求參數 key為參數名,value為參數值
- * @param file 上傳文件
- */
- public static boolean uploadFiles(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile[] files) throws Exception{
- final String BOUNDARY = "---------------------------7da2137580612"; //數據分隔線
- final String endline = "--" + BOUNDARY + "--\r\n";//數據結束標志
-
- int fileDataLength = 0;
- if(files!=null&&files.length!=0){
- for(FormFile uploadFile : files){//得到文件類型數據的總長度
- StringBuilder fileExplain = new StringBuilder();
- fileExplain.append("--");
- fileExplain.append(BOUNDARY);
- fileExplain.append("\r\n");
- fileExplain.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "\"\r\n");
- fileExplain.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n");
- fileExplain.append("\r\n");
- fileDataLength += fileExplain.length();
- if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){
- fileDataLength += uploadFile.getFile().length();
- }else{
- fileDataLength += uploadFile.getData().length;
- }
- }
- }
- StringBuilder textEntity = new StringBuilder();
- if(params!=null&&!params.isEmpty()){
- for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {//構造文本類型參數的實體數據
- textEntity.append("--");
- textEntity.append(BOUNDARY);
- textEntity.append("\r\n");
- textEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\""+ entry.getKey() + "\"\r\n\r\n");
- textEntity.append(entry.getValue());
- textEntity.append("\r\n");
- }
- }
- //計算傳輸給服務器的實體數據總長度
- int dataLength = textEntity.toString().getBytes().length + fileDataLength + endline.getBytes().length;
-
- URL url = new URL(path);
- int port = url.getPort()==-1 ? 80 : url.getPort();
- Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName(url.getHost()), port);
- OutputStream outStream = socket.getOutputStream();
- //下面完成HTTP請求頭的發送
- String requestmethod = "POST "+ url.getPath()+" HTTP/1.1\r\n";
- outStream.write(requestmethod.getBytes());
- String accept = "Accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*\r\n";
- outStream.write(accept.getBytes());
- String language = "Accept-Language: zh-CN\r\n";
- outStream.write(language.getBytes());
- String contenttype = "Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary="+ BOUNDARY+ "\r\n";
- outStream.write(contenttype.getBytes());
- String contentlength = "Content-Length: "+ dataLength + "\r\n";
- outStream.write(contentlength.getBytes());
- String alive = "Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n";
- outStream.write(alive.getBytes());
- String host = "Host: "+ url.getHost() +":"+ port +"\r\n";
- outStream.write(host.getBytes());
- //寫完HTTP請求頭後根據HTTP協議再寫一個回車換行
- outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes());
- //把所有文本類型的實體數據發送出來
- outStream.write(textEntity.toString().getBytes());
- //把所有文件類型的實體數據發送出來
- if(files!=null&&files.length!=0){
- for(FormFile uploadFile : files){
- StringBuilder fileEntity = new StringBuilder();
- fileEntity.append("--");
- fileEntity.append(BOUNDARY);
- fileEntity.append("\r\n");
- fileEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "\"\r\n");
- fileEntity.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n");
- outStream.write(fileEntity.toString().getBytes());
- if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){
- byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
- int len = 0;
- while((len = uploadFile.getInStream().read(buffer, 0, 1024))!=-1){
- outStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
- }
- uploadFile.getInStream().close();
- }else{
- outStream.write(uploadFile.getData(), 0, uploadFile.getData().length);
- }
- outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes());
- }
- }
- //下面發送數據結束標志,表示數據已經結束
- outStream.write(endline.getBytes());
- BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
- if(reader.readLine().indexOf("200")==-1){//讀取web服務器返回的數據,判斷請求碼是否為200,如果不是200,代表請求失敗
- return false;
- }
- outStream.flush();
- outStream.close();
- reader.close();
- socket.close();
- return true;
- }
- /**
- * 提交數據到服務器
- * @param path 上傳路徑(注:避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1這樣的路徑測試,因為它會指向手機模擬器,你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080這樣的路徑測試)
- * @param params 請求參數 key為參數名,value為參數值
- * @param file 上傳文件
- */
- public static boolean uploadFile(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile file) throws Exception{
- return uploadFiles(path, params, new FormFile[]{file});
- }
- /**
- * 將輸入流轉為字節數組
- * @param inStream
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] read2Byte(InputStream inStream)throws Exception{
- ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
- byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
- int len = 0;
- while( (len = inStream.read(buffer)) !=-1 ){
- outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len);
- }
- outSteam.close();
- inStream.close();
- return outSteam.toByteArray();
- }
- /**
- * 將輸入流轉為字符串
- * @param inStream
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static String read2String(InputStream inStream)throws Exception{
- ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
- byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
- int len = 0;
- while( (len = inStream.read(buffer)) !=-1 ){
- outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len);
- }
- outSteam.close();
- inStream.close();
- return new String(outSteam.toByteArray(),"UTF-8");
- }
- /**
- * 發送xml數據
- * @param path 請求地址
- * @param xml xml數據
- * @param encoding 編碼
- * @return
- * @throws Exception
- */
- public static byte[] postXml(String path, String xml, String encoding) throws Exception{
- byte[] data = xml.getBytes(encoding);
- URL url = new URL(path);
- HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
- conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
- conn.setDoOutput(true);
- conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml; charset="+ encoding);
- conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));
- conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000);
- OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream();
- outStream.write(data);
- outStream.flush();
- outStream.close();
- if(conn.getResponseCode()==200){
- return read2Byte(conn.getInputStream());
- }
- return null;
- }
- //測試函數
- public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
- Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
- params.put("name", "xiazdong");
- params.put("age", "10");
- HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) HttpRequestUtil
- .sendGetRequest(
- "http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/PrintServlet",
- params, null);
- int code = conn.getResponseCode();
- InputStream in = conn.getInputStream();
- byte[]data = read2Byte(in);
- }
- }
測試代碼:
- Map<String,String> params = new HashMap<String,String>();
- params.put("name", name.getText().toString());
- params.put("age", age.getText().toString());
- HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) HttpRequestUtil.sendGetRequest("http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/PrintServlet", params, null);
文件上傳測試代碼:
-
- FormFile formFile = new FormFile(file.getName(), file, "document", "text/plain");
- boolean isSuccess = HttpRequestUtil.uploadFile("http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/FileServlet", null, formFile);
簡單了很多,對吧?