由於電腦重裝系統，之前虛擬機中的所有系統都打不開了，不得已又得從0開始安裝。我下載的是centos6.5的鏡像，在虛擬機中安裝完以後，執行了一下yum update，系統升成了6.7的，但是對於lnmp環境的安裝時沒有影響的，6.5和6.7的安裝方法是一樣的。
一、安裝php5.4
1.配置yum源
6.7和6.5中默認是沒有php5.4版本的，所以我們需要先配置一下yum源。
執行命令： rpm -Uvh http://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el6/latest.rpm
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[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rpm -Uvh http://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el6/latest.rpm
Retrieving http://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el6/latest.rpm
warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.qxPwK1: Header V4 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID cf4c4ff9: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%
1:webtatic-release ########################################### [100%]
2.安裝php5.4
執行完以後查看yum search php54w，可以看到php5.4相關的模塊。執行命令安裝php5.4
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[root@localhost ~]# yum install php54w
安裝完後，執行命令可以看到PHP版本信息
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[root@localhost ~]# php --version
PHP 5.4.45 (cli) (built: Oct 16 2015 11:24:58)
Copyright (c) 1997-2014 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v2.4.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2014 Zend Technologies 3.安裝php-fpm
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[root@localhost ~]# yum install php-fpm.x86_64
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
f * base: mirrors.btte.net
* extras: mirrors.btte.net
* updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* webtatic: sp.repo.webtatic.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package php-fpm.x86_64 0:5.3.3-46.el6_7.1 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: php-common(x86-64) = 5.3.3-46.el6_7.1 for package: php-fpm-5.3.3-46.el6_7.1.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package php-common.x86_64 0:5.3.3-46.el6_7.1 will be installed
--> Processing Conflict: php54w-common-5.4.45-2.w6.x86_64 conflicts php-common < 5.4.0
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Error: php54w-common conflicts with php-common-5.3.3-46.el6_7.1.x86_64
You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest 可以看到倒數第三行報了一個沖突，導致安裝失敗，沖突的原因是php-fpm包依賴5.3版本的php-common，但是我們安裝php5.4的時候安裝了5.4版本的php-common，所以造成php-common-5.3安裝不上，解決這個沖突只要安裝依賴php-common-5.4版本的php-fpm就OK
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[root@localhost ~]# yum search php54w | grep fpm
php54w-fpm.x86_64 : PHP FastCGI Process Manager
[root@localhost ~]# yum install php54w-fpm.x86_64
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.btte.net
* extras: mirrors.btte.net
* updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* webtatic: sp.repo.webtatic.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package php54w-fpm.x86_64 0:5.4.45-2.w6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
====================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
====================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
php54w-fpm x86_64 5.4.45-2.w6 webtatic 1.3 M
Transaction Summary
====================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Total download size: 1.3 M
Installed size: 3.8 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
php54w-fpm-5.4.45-2.w6.x86_64.rpm | 1.3 MB 00:13
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : php54w-fpm-5.4.45-2.w6.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : php54w-fpm-5.4.45-2.w6.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
php54w-fpm.x86_64 0:5.4.45-2.w6
Complete!
測試php-fpm服務是否正常
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[root@localhost ~]# service php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm: [ OK ]
一切順利!至此php環境就安裝完畢，接下來就安裝nginx
如果出現“Fatal error: Call to undefined function mb_strlen()"錯誤
還需要安裝php-mbstring
[root@iZ25fe2mpugZ ~]# yum search php54w| grep mbstring
php54w-mbstring.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications which need multi-byte
[root@iZ25fe2mpugZ ~]# yum install php54w-mbstring.x86_64
如果出現“ Unknown: open(/var/lib/php/session/sess_63u4vit4pii5gelmsq5inf3hd6, O_RDWR) failed: Permission denied”這樣的錯誤，需要將session目錄設置777權限。chmod -R 777 /var/lib/php/session
以此類推，出現“Class 'DOMDocument' not found”，表示xml擴展沒有安裝
yum search php54w | grep xml
yum install php54w-mbstring.x86_64
二.安裝nginx
先看看我們都有哪些版本的Nginx
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[root@localhost ~]# yum search nginx
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.btte.net
* extras: mirrors.btte.net
* updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* webtatic: uk.repo.webtatic.com
================================================================ N/S Matched: nginx ================================================================
nginx16.x86_64 : A high performance web server and reverse proxy server
nginx18.x86_64 : A high performance web server and reverse proxy server
Name and summary matches only, use "search all" for everything. 我們選擇安裝18版本的。
安裝的時候發現下載速度奇慢，最後也因為這個安裝失敗，所以我們現在先替換一下yum源。
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rpm -ivh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/6/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-6-0.el6.ngx.noarch.rpm
替換完以後再執行安裝。這次下載速度快了很多，安裝也很順利。全部安裝完以後，開啟nginx服務
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[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# service nginx start
Starting nginx: [ OK ] 關掉防火牆服務
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[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# service iptables stop
iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]
iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]
iptables: Unloading modules: [ OK ] 在浏覽器中輸入虛擬機的ip，當查看到到下圖的時候表示Nginx已經安裝成功。
三.修改nginx 配置，使其能夠識別php腳本
默認安裝完nginx以後，是沒辦法解析php腳本的，需要修改nginx的配置文件才行。
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[root@localhost html]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 1.添加index.php
2.打開FastCGI部分注釋(FastCGI、Nginx、php-fpm、php都有哪些關系?稍後文章會詳細介紹這一點)
將/scripts改為$document_root
保存退出，重啟nginx服務。
進入/usr/share/nginx/html下寫一個php腳本，然後測試看能不能打開
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[root@localhost html]# vim index.php [php] view plain copy
phpinfo(); 保存退出，在浏覽器中訪問該文件，192.168.71.128/index.php(我的虛擬機IP是71.128)，如果看到php信息頁就表示已經配置成功。接下來就該配置mysql啦。
四.安裝MySQL
安裝mysql5.5相關的所有的包
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[root@localhost ~]# yum install mysql55*
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.btte.net
* extras: mirrors.btte.net
* updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* webtatic: sp.repo.webtatic.com
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql55w.x86_64 0:5.5.49-1.w6 will be installed
---> Package mysql55w-bench.x86_64 0:5.5.49-1.w6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(GD) for package: mysql55w-bench-5.5.49-1.w6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: perl(DBI) for package: mysql55w-bench-5.5.49-1.w6.x86_64
---> Package mysql55w-devel.x86_64 0:5.5.49-1.w6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: openssl-devel for package: mysql55w-devel-5.5.49-1.w6.x86_64
---> Package mysql55w-embedded.x86_64 0:5.5.49-1.w6 will be installed
---> Package mysql55w-embedded-devel.x86_64 0:5.5.49-1.w6 will be installed
---> Package mysql55w-libs.x86_64 0:5.5.49-1.w6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient16 for package: mysql55w-libs-5.5.49-1.w6.x86_64
---> Package mysql55w-server.x86_64 0:5.5.49-1.w6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl-DBD-MySQL for package: mysql55w-server-5.5.49-1.w6.x86_64
---> Package mysql55w-test.x86_64 0:5.5.49-1.w6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: perl(Time::HiRes) for package: mysql55w-test-5.5.49-1.w6.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libmysqlclient16.x86_64 0:5.1.69-1.w6 will be installed
---> Package openssl-devel.x86_64 0:1.0.1e-42.el6_7.4 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: zlib-devel for package: openssl-devel-1.0.1e-42.el6_7.4.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: krb5-devel for package: openssl-devel-1.0.1e-42.el6_7.4.x86_64
---> Package perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.013-3.el6 will be installed
---> Package perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.609-4.el6 will be installed
---> Package perl-GD.x86_64 0:2.44-3.el6 will be installed
---> Package perl-Time-HiRes.x86_64 4:1.9721-141.el6_7.1 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package krb5-devel.x86_64 0:1.10.3-42z1.el6_7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libselinux-devel for package: krb5-devel-1.10.3-42z1.el6_7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libcom_err-devel for package: krb5-devel-1.10.3-42z1.el6_7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: keyutils-libs-devel for package: krb5-devel-1.10.3-42z1.el6_7.x86_64
---> Package zlib-devel.x86_64 0:1.2.3-29.el6 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package keyutils-libs-devel.x86_64 0:1.4-5.el6 will be installed
---> Package libcom_err-devel.x86_64 0:1.41.12-22.el6 will be installed
---> Package libselinux-devel.x86_64 0:2.0.94-5.8.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libsepol-devel >= 2.0.32-1 for package: libselinux-devel-2.0.94-5.8.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: pkgconfig(libsepol) for package: libselinux-devel-2.0.94-5.8.el6.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libsepol-devel.x86_64 0:2.0.41-4.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Conflict: mysql55w-libs-5.5.49-1.w6.x86_64 conflicts mysql-libs < 5.5
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Error: mysql55w-libs conflicts with mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_7.1.x86_64
You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest 倒數第三行，又出現一個沖突，現在我們先卸載掉mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_7.1.x86_64
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[root@localhost ~]# yum remove mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_7.1.x86_64 卸載成功後，再次執行安裝命令
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[root@localhost ~]# yum install mysql55* 安裝完以後開啟mysql服務，查看是否正常
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[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start 啟動成功後，我們需要給mysql的root用戶分配登錄密碼
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[root@localhost ~]# mysqladmin -u root password 'newpassword' 設置完成後就可以登錄mysql控制台了
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[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.5.49 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> 登錄沒問題，至此MySQL也就安裝完畢了，接下來要做的就是讓php能夠連接上MySQL
五、安裝php-mysql擴展
1.安裝擴展
查看是否有安裝php-mysql擴展
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[root@localhost ~]# php -i | grep mysql 命令結果返回空，說明沒有安裝，那麼現在我們就需要安裝這些擴展。搜索yum源，找到合適的擴展包
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[root@localhost ~]# yum search all php-mysql
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.btte.net
* extras: mirrors.btte.net
* updates: mirror.bit.edu.cn
* webtatic: us-east.repo.webtatic.com
================================================================ Matched: php-mysql ================================================================
php-mysql.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications that use MySQL databases
php54w-mysqlnd.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications that use MySQL databases
php55w-mysqlnd.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications that use MySQL databases
php56w-mysqlnd.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications that use MySQL databases
php70w-mysqlnd.x86_64 : A module for PHP applications that use MySQL databases 安裝php54w-mysqlnd，因為我們php是php5.4版本的
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[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y php54w-mysqlnd.x86_64 安裝完以後重啟php-fpm，再次浏覽192.168.71.128/index.php就可以看到mysql擴展啦。
下面就寫個簡單腳本測試一下php連接mysql的情況。
2.測試擴展
首先登錄mysql控制台，在test中創建一張表，並寫入幾條數據
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mysql> create table person(
-> id int not null primary key auto_increment,
-> name char(5) not null
-> )engine=innodb default charset=utf8;[sql]view plain copy
mysql> insert into person (name) values ('zhangsan'),('lisi'),('wangwu'); 測試表准備好以後，開始寫測試腳本
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[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/share/nginx/html/
[root@localhost html]# vim mysql.php[php]view plain copy
try{
$pdo = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=test','root','root');
$res = $pdo->query('select * from person');
foreach ($res as $row) {
echo '
';print_r($row);
}
} catch (PDOException $e) {
print "Error:".$e->getMessage()."
";
die;
} 訪問腳本192.168.71.128/mysql.php，如果看到下面內容，說明php-mysql擴展已經沒有問題。
六、將lnmp加入開機啟動項
經過上面五部的操作，我們的lnmp環境就已經成功搭建完成了，為了後續的使用，我們現在把php-fpm/nginx/mysql都加入到開機啟動項中。
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[root@localhost html]# chkconfig php-fpm on
[root@localhost html]# chkconfig nginx on
[root@localhost html]# chkconfig mysqld on
注：如果重啟機器後發現nginx訪問不了了，請檢查一下防火牆是不是打開了，因為centos默認防火牆是開機啟動的。
至此，lnmp環境就徹底的搭建完成啦，盡情的享受coding吧~
