對於linux新手來說，最感到迷惑的問題之一就是文件都存在哪裡呢？特別是對於那些從windows轉過來的新手來說，linux的目錄結構看起來有些奇怪哦。所以，在這裡講一下linux下的主要目錄以及它們都是用來干什麼的。
/
This is the root directory. The mothership. The home field. The one and only top directory for your whole computer. Everything, and I mean EVERYTHING starts here. When you type ‘/home’ what you’re really saying is “start at / and then go to the home directory.”
/
這就是根目錄。對你的電腦來說，有且只有一個根目錄。所有的東西，我是說所有的東西都是從這裡開始。舉個例子：當你在終端裡輸入“/home”，你其實是在告訴電腦，先從/（根目錄）開始，再進入到home目錄。
/root
This is where the root user lives. The root user is the god of your system. Root can do anything, up to and including removing your entire filesystem. So be careful using root.
/root
這是系統管理員（root user）的目錄。對於系統來說，系統管理員就好比是上帝，它能對系統做任何事情，甚至包括刪除你的文件。因此，請小心使用root帳號。
/bin
Here’s where your standard linux utilities(read programs) live — things like “ls” and “vi” and “more”. Generally this directory is included in your path. What this means is that if you type ‘ls’, /bin is one of the places your shell will look to see if ‘ls’ means anything.
/bin
這裡存放了標准的（或者說是缺省的）linux的工具，比如像“ls”、“vi”還有“more”等等。通常來說，這個目錄已經包含在你的“path”系統變量裡面了。什麼意思呢？就是：當你在終端裡輸入ls，系統就會去/bin目錄下面查找是不是有ls這個程序。
/etc
Here’s where the administrative and system configuration stuff lives. For instance, if you have samba installed, and you want to modify the samba configuration files, you’d find them in /etc/samba.
/etc
這裡主要存放了系統配置方面的文件。舉個例子：你安裝了samba這個套件，當你想要修改samba配置文件的時候，你會發現它們（配置文件）就在/etc/samba目錄下。
/dev
Here’s where files that control peripherals live. Talking to a printer? Your computer is doing it from here. Same goes for disk drives, usb devices, and other such stuff.
/dev
這裡主要存放與設備（包括外設）有關的文件（unix和linux系統均把設備當成文件）。想連線打印機嗎？系統就是從這個目錄開始工作的。另外還有一些包括磁盤驅動、USB驅動等都放在這個目錄。
/home
Here’s where your data is stored. Config files specific to users, your Desktop folder(whick makes your desktop what it is), and any data related to your user. Each user will have their own /home/username folder, with the exception of the root user.
/home
這裡主要存放你的個人數據。具體每個用戶的設置文件，用戶的桌面文件夾，還有用戶的數據都放在這裡。每個用戶都有自己的用戶目錄，位置為：/home/用戶名。當然，root用戶除外。
/tmp
This is the Temporary folder. Think of it as a scratch directory for your Linux system. Files that won’t be needed by programs once their used once or twice are put here. Many Linux systems are set to automatically wipe the /tmp folder at certain intervals, so don’t put things you want to keep here.
/tmp
這是臨時目錄。對於某些程序來說，有些文件被用了一次兩次之後，就不會再被用到，像這樣的文件就放在這裡。有些linux系統會定期自動對這個目錄進行清理，因此，千萬不要把重要的數據放在這裡。
/usr
Here’s where you’ll find extra utilities that don’t fit under /bin or /etc. Things like games, printer utilities, and whatnot. /usr is divided into sections like /usr/bin for programs, /usr/share for sha12下一頁