使用Vim打造IDE， 針對C語言開發者，建議使用Gvim。
推薦：把Vim打造成優秀的C++ IDE http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-06/132262.htm
把Vim打造成一個簡單實用的IDE http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2011-06/37032.htm
先上兩個截圖
# 安裝ctags
1. 下載地址: http://ctags.sourceforge.net/
# 安裝cscope
1. 下載地址: http://cscope.sourceforge.net/
2. 修改源碼，使其支持遞歸搜索文件夾的軟鏈接
修改文件: dir.c
修改方式: 替換函數調用 lstat 全部替換為 stat
3. 編譯源碼可能出現的錯誤
錯誤: fatal error: curses.h: No such file or directory
解決: sudo apt install libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev
# 安裝ruby, command-t插件會用到
sudo apt install ruby ruby-dev
# 安裝vim, vim-gtk
sudo apt install vim vim-gtk
# 在home目錄下創建 .vimrc 並編輯
1. 將附錄1中 vimrc 的內容拷貝進去
# 在home目錄下創建 .vim 目錄
1. 進入 .vim 目錄
2. 創建目錄 autoload bundle colors syntax
# 在 ~/.vim/colors 目錄中創建 mycolor.vim 並編輯
1. 將附錄2中 mycolor.vim 的內容拷貝進去
# 在 ~/.vim/syntax 目錄中創建 c.vim 並編輯
1. 將附錄3中 c.vim 的內容拷貝進去
# 下載插件 vundle 到 ~/.vim/bundle
1. git clone https://github.com/VundleVim/Vundle.vim.git ~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim
2. 需要安裝 git
3. vundle 可以自動安裝和更新其他vim插件
# 下載插件 pathogen 到 ~/.vim/autoload
1. curl -LSso ~/.vim/autoload/pathogen.vim https://tpo.pe/pathogen.vim
2. 需要安裝 curl
3. pathogen 可以自動加載插件
# 安裝其余 vim 插件
1. 打開 vim 或 gvim
2. 執行 :PluginInstall
# 編譯 command-t插件
1. 進入 ~/.vim/bundle/command-t/ruby/command-t目錄
2. 執行 ruby extconf.rb
3. 執行 make
# 編譯 YouCompleteMe 插件
1. 進入 ~/.vim/bundle/YouCompleteMe
2. 執行 ./install.py --clang-completer
3. 需要安裝 cmake
# 創建 tag 生成和高亮腳本
1. 找一個地方創建 htags.sh 文件，注意同時修改 .vimrc 中該腳本的路徑
2. 將附錄4中 htags.sh 的內容拷貝進去
3. 給htags.sh增加執行權限 chmod u+x htags.sh
# 生成 ctags 和 cscope 的標簽並高亮
1. 在工程的根目錄打開 gvim 或 vim
2. 使用快捷鍵 \bt 創建 ctags的標簽
3. 使用快捷鍵 \bc 創建 cscope的標簽
4. 使用快捷見 \ht 對重新高亮標簽
*每次啟動vim時會自動導入一次, 如果沒有
重新生成標簽就不要重新導入
# 使用YouCompleteMe的自動補全功能
1. 在工程的根目錄或創建 .ycm_extra_conf.py
2. 將附錄5中 .ycm_extra_conf.py 內容拷貝到其中
3. 根據工程修改其中的頭文件路徑
附錄1 .vimrc
"===================通用配置======================
"文件搜索路徑
set path=.,/usr/include,,
" 控制
set nocompatible "關閉vi兼容
filetype off "關閉文件類型偵測,vundle需要
set fileencodings=utf-8,gbk "使用utf-8或gbk編碼方式
syntax on "語法高亮
set backspace=2 "退格鍵正常模式
set whichwrap=<,>,[,] "當光標到行首或行尾，允許左右方向鍵換行
set autoread "文件在vim外修改過，自動重載
set nobackup "不使用備份
set confirm "在處理未保存或只讀文件時，彈出確認消息
set scrolloff=3 "光標移動到距離頂部或底部開始滾到距離
set history=1000 "歷史記錄數
set mouse= "關閉鼠標
set selection=inclusive "選擇包含最後一個字符
set selectmode=mouse,key "啟動選擇模式的方式
set completeopt=longest,menu "智能補全,彈出菜單，無歧義時才自動填充
set noswapfile "關閉交換文件
set hidden "允許在有未保存的修改時切換緩沖區
"顯示
colorscheme mycolor "選擇配色方案
set t_Co=256 "可以使用的顏色數目
set number "顯示行號
set laststatus=2 "顯示狀態行
set ruler "顯示標尺
set showcmd "顯示輸入的命令
set showmatch "高亮括號匹配
set matchtime=1 "匹配括號高亮的時間(十分之一秒)
set matchpairs={:},(:) "匹配括號"{}""()"
set hlsearch "檢索時高亮匹配項
set incsearch "邊檢索邊顯示匹配
set go-=T "去除gvim的toolbar
"格式
set noexpandtab "不要將tab轉換為空格
set shiftwidth=4 "自動縮進的距離,也是平移字符的距離
set tabstop=4 "tab鍵對應的空格數
set autoindent "自動縮進
set smartindent "智能縮進
"===================按鍵映射======================
"按鍵映射的起始字符
let mapleader = '\'
"使用Ctrl-l 和 Ctrl+h 切換標簽頁
nnoremap <C-l> gt
nnoremap <c-h> gT
"在行末加上分號
nnoremap <silent> <Leader>; :<Esc><End>a<Space>;<Esc><Down>
"保存
nnoremap <C-s> :w<CR>
"替換
nnoremap <C-h> :%s/<C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR>/<C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR>
"===================插件管理======================
" 下載vundle
" git clone https://github.com/VundleVim/Vundle.vim.git ~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim
" 下載pathogen
" curl -LSso ~/.vim/autoload/pathogen.vim https://tpo.pe/pathogen.vim
" 將vundle加入到runtime path
set rtp+=~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim
" 下載到bundle目錄的插件
call vundle#begin()
" plugin on GitHub repo
Plugin 'VundleVim/Vundle.vim'
Plugin 'scrooloose/nerdtree'
Plugin 'Lokaltog/vim-powerline.git'
Plugin 'wincent/command-t'
Plugin 'Valloric/YouCompleteMe'
Plugin 'tomtom/tlib_vim'
Plugin 'tomtom/viki_vim'
" plugin from http://vim-scripts.org/vim/scripts.html
Plugin 'taglist.vim'
Plugin 'EasyGrep'
" Git plugin not hosted on GitHub
" Plugin 'git://...'
" git repos on your local machine
" Plugin 'file://...'
call vundle#end()
filetype plugin indent on " required
"===================插件配置======================
"-----pathogen-----
execute pathogen#infect()
"-----NERDTree-----
let g:NERDTreeCaseSensitiveSort = 1
let g:NERDTreeWinSize = 25
let g:NERDTreeWinPos = "right"
nnoremap <silent> <Leader>t :NERDTreeToggle<CR>
nnoremap <silent> <Leader>o :NERDTreeFind<CR>
"-----Powerline-----
set fillchars+=stl:\ ,stlnc:\
let g:Powerline_symbols = 'compatible'
let g:Powerline_stl_path_style = 'filename' "只顯示文件名
"-----Command-T-----
let g:CommandTFileScanner = 'ruby' "使用ruby作為文件浏覽器
let g:CommandTTraverseSCM = 'dir' "根目錄為執行vim時所在的目錄
"打開文件跳轉
nnoremap <silent> <Leader>f :CommandT<CR>
"-----taglist-----
let Tlist_Show_One_File = 1 "只顯示當前文件的taglist
let Tlist_Exit_OnlyWindow = 1 "taglist是最後一個窗口時退出vim
let Tlist_Use_Left_Window = 1 "在左側窗口顯示taglist
let Tlist_GainFocus_On_ToggleOpen = 1 "打開taglist時，光標停在taglist窗口
let Tlist_Auto_Update = 1 "自動更新
" 打開標簽浏覽器
nnoremap <silent><Leader>dt :Tlist<CR>
" 重新生成標簽
nnoremap <silent><Leader>bt :!~/Myfiles/Tool/sh/ctags/hitags.sh<CR>
" 高亮標簽
nnoremap <silent><Leader>ht :so tags.vim<CR>
"-----cscope-----
"加載cscope庫
if filereadable("cscope.out")
cs add cscope.out
endif
set cscopequickfix=s-,c-,d-,i-,t-,e- "使用quickfix窗口顯示結果
set cst "跳轉時也使用cscope庫
"打開引用窗口
nnoremap <silent><Leader>cw :cw<CR>
"重新生成索引文件
nnoremap <silent><Leader>bc :!cscope -Rbq<CR>
"s: 查找本C符號
"g: 查找本定義
"d: 查找本函數調用的函數
"c: 查找調用本函數的函數
"t: 查找本字符串
"e: 查找本egrep模式
"f: 查找本文件
"i: 查找包含本文件的文件
nnoremap <C-\>s :scs find s <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
nnoremap <C-\>g :scs find g <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
nnoremap <C-\>c :scs find c <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
nnoremap <C-\>t :scs find t <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
nnoremap <C-\>e :scs find e <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
nnoremap <C-\>f :scs find f <C-R>=expand("<cfile>")<CR><CR>
nnoremap <C-\>i :scs find i <C-R>=expand("<cfile>")<CR><CR>
nnoremap <C-\>d :scs find d <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
"-----YouCompleteMe-----
let g:ycm_server_python_interpreter= '/usr/bin/python2'
let g:ycm_global_ycm_extra_conf = '~/.ycm_extra_conf.py' "默認配置文件
let g:ycm_key_invoke_completion = '<C-Tab>' "跨文件補全
let g:ycm_confirm_extra_conf = 0 "關閉加載配置文件提示
let g:ycm_cache_omnifunc = 0 "關閉補全緩存
let g:ycm_enable_diagnostic_signs = 0 "關閉診斷提示符
let g:ycm_enable_diagnostic_highlighting = 1 "關閉診斷高亮
"let g:ycm_show_diagnostics_ui = 0 "關閉診斷ui
let g:ycm_min_num_of_chars_for_completion = 3 "n字符開始自動補全
"獲取變量類型
nnoremap <silent><Leader>yt :YcmCompleter GetType<CR>
"跳轉定義或聲明
nnoremap <silent><Leader>yg :YcmCompleter GoTo<CR>
"跳轉包含文件
nnoremap <silent><Leader>yi :YcmCompleter GoToInclude<CR>
"打開診斷信息
nnoremap <silent><Leader>yd :YcmDiags<CR>
"-----EasyGrep-----
let EasyGrepMode = 2 "根據文件類型搜索相應文件
let EasyGrepRecursive = 1 "遞歸搜索
let EasyGrepCommand = 1 "使用grep
let EasyGrepJumpToMatch = 0 "不要跳轉
附錄2 mycolor.vim
" Vim color file
" Maintainer: Hans Fugal <[email protected]>
" Last Change: $Date: 2004/06/13 19:30:30 $
" Last Change: $Date: 2004/06/13 19:30:30 $
" URL: http://hans.fugal.net/vim/colors/desert.vim
" Version: $Id: desert.vim,v 1.1 2004/06/13 19:30:30 vimboss Exp $
" cool help screens
" :he group-name
" :he highlight-groups
" :he cterm-colors
set background=dark
if version > 580
" no guarantees for version 5.8 and below, but this makes it stop
" complaining
hi clear
if exists("syntax_on")
syntax reset
endif
endif
let g:colors_name="desert"
hi Normal guifg=White guibg=grey20
" highlight groups
hi Cursor guibg=khaki guifg=slategrey
"hi CursorIM
"hi Directory
"hi DiffAdd
"hi DiffChange
"hi DiffDelete
"hi DiffText
"hi ErrorMsg
hi VertSplit guibg=#c2bfa5 guifg=grey50 gui=none
hi Folded guibg=grey30 guifg=gold
hi FoldColumn guibg=grey30 guifg=tan
hi IncSearch guifg=slategrey guibg=khaki
"hi LineNr
hi ModeMsg guifg=goldenrod
hi MoreMsg guifg=SeaGreen
hi NonText guifg=LightBlue guibg=grey30
hi Question guifg=springgreen
hi Search guibg=peru guifg=wheat
hi SpecialKey guifg=yellowgreen
hi StatusLine guibg=#c2bfa5 guifg=black gui=none
hi StatusLineNC guibg=#c2bfa5 guifg=grey50 gui=none
hi Title guifg=indianred
hi Visual gui=none guifg=khaki guibg=olivedrab
"hi VisualNOS
hi WarningMsg guifg=salmon
"hi WildMenu
"hi Menu
"hi Scrollbar
"hi Tooltip
" syntax highlighting groups
hi Comment guifg=SkyBlue
hi Constant guifg=#ffa0a0
hi Identifier guifg=palegreen
hi Statement guifg=khaki
hi PreProc guifg=indianred
hi Type guifg=darkkhaki
hi Special guifg=navajowhite
"hi Underlined
hi Ignore guifg=grey40
"hi Error
hi Todo guifg=orangered guibg=yellow2
" color terminal definitions
hi SpecialKey ctermfg=darkgreen
hi NonText cterm=bold ctermfg=darkblue
hi Directory ctermfg=darkcyan
hi ErrorMsg cterm=bold ctermfg=7 ctermbg=1
hi IncSearch cterm=NONE ctermfg=yellow ctermbg=green
hi Search cterm=NONE ctermfg=grey ctermbg=blue
hi MoreMsg ctermfg=darkgreen
hi ModeMsg cterm=NONE ctermfg=brown
hi LineNr ctermfg=3
hi Question ctermfg=green
hi StatusLine cterm=bold,reverse
hi StatusLineNC cterm=reverse
hi VertSplit cterm=reverse
hi Title ctermfg=5
hi Visual cterm=reverse
hi VisualNOS cterm=bold,underline
hi WarningMsg ctermfg=1
hi WildMenu ctermfg=0 ctermbg=3
hi Folded ctermfg=darkgrey ctermbg=NONE
hi FoldColumn ctermfg=darkgrey ctermbg=NONE
hi DiffAdd ctermbg=4
hi DiffChange ctermbg=5
hi DiffDelete cterm=bold ctermfg=4 ctermbg=6
hi DiffText cterm=bold ctermbg=1
hi Comment ctermfg=darkcyan
hi Constant ctermfg=brown
hi Special ctermfg=5
hi Identifier ctermfg=6
hi Statement ctermfg=3
hi PreProc ctermfg=5
hi Type ctermfg=2
hi Underlined cterm=underline ctermfg=5
hi Ignore cterm=bold ctermfg=7
hi Ignore ctermfg=darkgrey
hi Error cterm=bold ctermfg=7 ctermbg=1
"vim: sw=4
附錄3 c.vim
"not wrap
set nowrap
if filereadable("tags.vim")
so tags.vim
endif
hi cFunction guifg=LightGreen
hi cMacro guifg=LightRed
hi cGlobal guifg=LightBlue
hi cMember guifg=LightMagenta
hi def link cTypedef cType
附錄4 htags.sh
#!/bin/bash
ctags -R --fields=+l ;
awk -F '"' '$2 ~ /^\tf/ {print $1 "\n"}' tags | awk '$1 ~ /^[a-zA-Z]/ {print "syn keyword cFunction " $1}' 1> tags.vim ;
awk -F '"' '$2 ~ /^\t[de]/ {print $1 "\n"}' tags | awk '$1 ~ /^[a-zA-Z]/ {print "syn keyword cMacro " $1}' 1>> tags.vim ;
awk -F '"' '$2 ~ /^\tt/ {print $1 "\n"}' tags | awk '$1 ~ /^[a-zA-Z]/ {print "syn keyword cTypedef " $1}' 1>> tags.vim ;
awk -F '"' '$2 ~ /^\tv/ {print $1 "\n"}' tags | awk '$1 ~ /^[a-zA-Z]/ {print "syn keyword cGlobal " $1}' 1>> tags.vim ;
附錄5 .ycm_extra_conf.py
import os
flags = [
'-x',
'c',
'-Wall',
'-DOS=LINUX',
'-I./mycode/igmpsnoop/h',
'-I./mycode/mldsnoop/h',
'-I./mycode/head_files',
'-I./mycode/g8132/inc',
'-I./mycode/nqa/inc',
'-I./mycode/mplste/inc',
'-I./mycode/mplsoam/inc',
'-I./mycode/cli',
'-I./mycode/trill/inc',
'-I./mycode/igmpsnoop_onu/inc',
'-I./mycode/hqos/inc',
'-I./mycode/qos/inc',
'-I./mycode/mplsqos/inc',
'-I./mycode/pim/inc',
'-I./USP_HEADFILE/protocol/acl/h',
'-I./USP_HEADFILE/protocol/hwroute/h',
'-I./USP_HEADFILE/protocol/uspIf/inc',
'-I/home/taopeng/Workspace/vmware/linux_share/osal_linux/inc',
'-I/home/taopeng/Workspace/vmware/linux_share/usp_linux3.12.17/inc'
]
def MakeFinalFlag():
workDir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
finalFlags = []
for flag in flags:
if flag.startswith('-I'):
path = flag[len('-I'):]
flag = '-I' + os.path.join(workDir, path)
finalFlags.append(flag)
return finalFlags
def FlagsForFile(fileName, **kwargs):
return {
'flags': MakeFinalFlag(),
'do_cache': True
}
if __name__ == '__main__':
print(FlagsForFile("test"))