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ubuntu 更換阿裡源實例

網上應該可以找到很多關於ubuntu源的設置方法,但是如果不搞清楚就隨便設置的話,不僅不能起到應有的效果,還會由於一些問題導致apt不可用。

最正確的更換源的方法應該如系統提示的:

## a.) add ‘apt_preserve_sources_list: true‘ to /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg
## or do the same in user-data
## b.) add sources in /etc/apt/sources.list.d
## c.) make changes to template file /etc/cloud/templates/sources.list.tmpl

這種方法有點沒弄明白在/etc/apt/sources.list.d應該添加的是什麼內容,如果是源文件的話,最後更改的模板又是什麼作用?也沒有去嘗試,有時間會解決一下。

以下提供設置阿裡源的方法,其他源也可以如法炮制:

1. 首先查看自己的ubuntu系統的codename,這一步很重要,直接導致你更新的源是否對你的系統起效果,查看方法:

    lsb_release -a

    如,我的系統顯示:

No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS
Release: 14.04
Codename: trusty

    顯示了一些ubuntu的版本信息,需要得到的是Codename,比如,我這裡是trusty

2. 確認阿裡源支持:

    登陸以下網頁:http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/dists/

    該網頁顯示了阿裡雲支持的ubuntu系統下各個Codename版本,確保自己的Codename在該網頁中存在(一般都會有的)

2. 備份系統源:

    cd /etc/apt
    sudo mv sources.list sources.list_bak

3. 添加新的源文件:

    sudo vi sources.list

並添加以下內容:注意,每一行的trusty應該用第一步查看得到的Codename來代替

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main multiverse restricted universe

4. 保存並且sudo apt-get update,更新成功

5. 以下提供配置腳本:

 1 Codename=$( (lsb_release -a)|awk ‘{print $2}‘|tail -n 1 )
 2 echo "\
 3 deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename main multiverse restricted universe
 4 deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-backports main multiverse restricted universe
 5 deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
 6 deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-security main multiverse restricted universe
 7 deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-updates main multiverse restricted universe
 8 deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename main multiverse restricted universe
 9 deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-backports main multiverse restricted universe
10 deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
11 deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-security main multiverse restricted universe
12 deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ $Codename-updates main multiverse restricted universe ">sources.list
13 apt-get update
sudo運行該腳本即可(注意運行之前最好備份之前的sources.list)

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