[b] chgrp命令用來改變文件或目錄所屬的用戶組。[/b] [b] (1)用法:[/b]
[b] 用法: chgrp [選項參數] [組] [文件][/b] 或 chgrp [選項] 組文件... POSIX 選項: [-R] [--]
[b](2)功能:[/b][b] 功能: 改變文件的組所有權[/b]
[b] (3)選項參數:[/b] 1) -c --changes 效果類似“-v”參數,但僅回報更改的部分
2) -f --quiet --silent 不顯示錯誤信息 3) -h --no-dereference 只對符號連接的文件作修改,而不是該其他任何相關文件
4) -R --recursive 遞歸處理,將指令目錄下的所有文件及子目錄一並處理 5) -v --verbose 顯示指令執行過程
6) --reference=<參考文件或目錄> 把指定文件或目錄的所屬群組全部設成和參考文件或目錄的所屬群組相同[b] (4)實例:[/b]
1)[root@localhost sunjimeng]# chgrp -v root Document 將Document所在組改為root
[root@localhost sunjimeng]# ll 總用量 0 drwxr-xr-x. 2 sunjimeng sunjimeng 6 5月 1 01:23 Desktop drwxrwxr-x. 3 sunjimeng sunjimeng 100 5月 19 22:28 Document drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 44 5月 21 21:52 Documents drwxr-xr-x. 2 sunjimeng sunjimeng 6 5月 1 01:23 Downloads drwxrwxr-x. 2 sunjimeng sunjimeng 6 5月 17 04:55 findTextDir drwxr-xr-x. 2 sunjimeng sunjimeng 6 5月 1 01:23 Music drwxr-xr-x. 2 sunjimeng sunjimeng 6 5月 1 01:23 Pictures drwxr-xr-x. 2 sunjimeng sunjimeng 6 5月 1 01:23 Public drwxr-xr-x. 2 sunjimeng sunjimeng 6 5月 1 01:23 Templates drwxr-xr-x. 2 sunjimeng sunjimeng 6 5月 1 01:23 Videos [root@localhost sunjimeng]# chgrp -v root Document changed group of "Document" from sunjimeng to root [root@localhost sunjimeng]# ll 總用量 0 drwxr-xr-x. 2 sunjimeng sunjimeng 6 5月 1 01:23 Desktop drwxrwxr-x. 3 sunjimeng root 100 5月 19 22:28 Document drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 44 5月 21 21:52 Documents drwxr-xr-x. 2 sunjimeng sunjimeng 6 5月 1 01:23 Downloads drwxrwxr-x. 2 sunjimeng sunjimeng 6 5月 17 04:55 findTextDir drwxr-xr-x. 2 sunjimeng sunjimeng 6 5月 1 01:23 Music drwxr-xr-x. 2 sunjimeng sunjimeng 6 5月 1 01:23 Pictures drwxr-xr-x. 2 sunjimeng sunjimeng 6 5月 1 01:23 Public drwxr-xr-x. 2 sunjimeng sunjimeng 6 5月 1 01:23 Templates drwxr-xr-x. 2 sunjimeng sunjimeng 6 5月 1 01:23 Videos
2)[root@localhost Document]# chgrp -v --reference=newDir all.txt 將文件所屬組設置為同某一個文件或文件夾一樣
[root@localhost Document]# ll 總用量 12 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 85 5月 18 02:58 all.txt -rw-rw-r--. 1 sunjimeng sunjimeng 0 5月 19 22:27 B.text3 -rw-rw-r--. 1 sunjimeng sunjimeng 0 5月 19 22:27 C.text6 -rw-rw-r--. 1 sunjimeng sunjimeng 0 5月 19 22:28 D.text drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 51 5月 18 02:47 newDir -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 42 5月 18 02:53 t1.txt -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 43 5月 18 02:54 t2.txt [root@localhost Document]# chgrp -v --reference=newDir all.txt "all.txt" 的所屬組已保留為root [root@localhost Document]# ll 總用量 12 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 85 5月 18 02:58 all.txt -rw-rw-r--. 1 sunjimeng sunjimeng 0 5月 19 22:27 B.text3 -rw-rw-r--. 1 sunjimeng sunjimeng 0 5月 19 22:27 C.text6 -rw-rw-r--. 1 sunjimeng sunjimeng 0 5月 19 22:28 D.text drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 51 5月 18 02:47 newDir -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 42 5月 18 02:53 t1.txt -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 43 5月 18 02:54 t2.txt
3)[root@localhost sunjimeng]# chgrp -vR sunjimeng Document 改變指定目錄以及其子目錄下的所有文件的群組屬性
[root@localhost sunjimeng]# chgrp -vR sunjimeng Document changed group of "Document/newDir/mvt1.txt" from root to sunjimeng changed group of "Document/newDir/mvt2.txt" from root to sunjimeng changed group of "Document/newDir/mvt3.txt" from root to sunjimeng changed group of "Document/newDir" from root to sunjimeng changed group of "Document/t1.txt" from root to sunjimeng changed group of "Document/t2.txt" from root to sunjimeng changed group of "Document/all.txt" from root to sunjimeng "Document/B.text3" 的所屬組已保留為sunjimeng "Document/C.text6" 的所屬組已保留為sunjimeng "Document/D.text" 的所屬組已保留為sunjimeng changed group of "Document" from root to sunjimeng [root@localhost sunjimeng]# ls -l Document 總用量 12 -rw-r--r--. 1 root sunjimeng 85 5月 18 02:58 all.txt -rw-rw-r--. 1 sunjimeng sunjimeng 0 5月 19 22:27 B.text3 -rw-rw-r--. 1 sunjimeng sunjimeng 0 5月 19 22:27 C.text6 -rw-rw-r--. 1 sunjimeng sunjimeng 0 5月 19 22:28 D.text drwxr-xr-x. 2 root sunjimeng 51 5月 18 02:47 newDir -rw-r--r--. 1 root sunjimeng 42 5月 18 02:53 t1.txt -rw-r--r--. 1 root sunjimeng 43 5月 18 02:54 t2.txt
4)[root@localhost sunjimeng]# chgrp -vR 100 Document 通過群組識別碼改變文件群組屬性,100為users群組的識別碼,具體群組和群組識別碼可以去/etc/group文件中查看
[root@localhost sunjimeng]# chgrp -vR 100 Document changed group of "Document/newDir/mvt1.txt" from sunjimeng to 100 changed group of "Document/newDir/mvt2.txt" from sunjimeng to 100 changed group of "Document/newDir/mvt3.txt" from sunjimeng to 100 changed group of "Document/newDir" from sunjimeng to 100 changed group of "Document/t1.txt" from sunjimeng to 100 changed group of "Document/t2.txt" from sunjimeng to 100 changed group of "Document/all.txt" from sunjimeng to 100 changed group of "Document/B.text3" from sunjimeng to 100 changed group of "Document/C.text6" from sunjimeng to 100 changed group of "Document/D.text" from sunjimeng to 100 changed group of "Document" from sunjimeng to 100 [root@localhost sunjimeng]# ls -l Document 總用量 12 -rw-r--r--. 1 root users 85 5月 18 02:58 all.txt -rw-rw-r--. 1 sunjimeng users 0 5月 19 22:27 B.text3 -rw-rw-r--. 1 sunjimeng users 0 5月 19 22:27 C.text6 -rw-rw-r--. 1 sunjimeng users 0 5月 19 22:28 D.text drwxr-xr-x. 2 root users 51 5月 18 02:47 newDir -rw-r--r--. 1 root users 42 5月 18 02:53 t1.txt -rw-r--r--. 1 root users 43 5月 18 02:54 t2.txt[b] 群組識別碼:[/b]
[root@localhost sunjimeng]# cat /etc/group root:x:0: bin:x:1: daemon:x:2: sys:x:3: adm:x:4: tty:x:5: disk:x:6: lp:x:7: mem:x:8: kmem:x:9: wheel:x:10: cdrom:x:11: mail:x:12:postfix man:x:15: dialout:x:18: floppy:x:19: games:x:20: tape:x:30: video:x:39: ftp:x:50: lock:x:54: audio:x:63: nobody:x:99: users:x:100: utmp:x:22: utempter:x:35: systemd-journal:x:190: dbus:x:81: polkitd:x:999: cgred:x:998: tss:x:59: colord:x:997: usbmuxd:x:113: dip:x:40: ntp:x:38: ssh_keys:x:996: libstoragemgmt:x:995: saslauth:x:76: rpc:x:32: rtkit:x:172: chrony:x:994: radvd:x:75: rpcuser:x:29: nfsnobody:x:65534: kvm:x:36:qemu qemu:x:107: abrt:x:173: sssd:x:993: avahi-autoipd:x:170: unbound:x:992: pulse-access:x:991: pulse:x:171: gdm:x:42: gnome-initial-setup:x:990: postdrop:x:90: postfix:x:89: sshd:x:74: slocate:x:21: avahi:x:70: stapusr:x:156: stapsys:x:157: stapdev:x:158: tcpdump:x:72: sunjimeng:x:1000:5)[sunjimeng@localhost Document]$ chgrp -vf sunjimeng findDir -v是不顯示錯誤信息,v命令顯示執行的步驟
[root@localhost Documents]# ll 總用量 0 dr--r--r--. 3 root root 16 5月 21 21:52 findDir drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 51 5月 21 07:10 NoPdir drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 51 5月 21 07:09 Pdir [root@localhost Documents]# exit exit [sunjimeng@localhost ~]$ cd Document [sunjimeng@localhost Document]$ chgrp -v sunjimeng findDir chgrp: 無法訪問"findDir": 沒有那個文件或目錄 無法更改"findDir" 的所屬組為sunjimeng [sunjimeng@localhost Document]$ chgrp -vf sunjimeng findDir 無法更改"findDir" 的所屬組為sunjimeng