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在UNIX平台FTP服務器的建立

目前很多企業單位正在構架自己的Intranet,Ftp服務器是其中的一個服務支持,有很多單位購置了基於UNIX 平台的計算機,為了在網上能夠提供FTP服務支持,專門購置基於UNIX平台的FTP Server軟件,其實在基於UNIX平台的計算機系統中,采取一定的技術方法,就可以建立自己的FTP Server,實現網上文件上下載服務,無須再購置專門的軟件,和樂而不為之呢?下面就其建立過程闡述如下:

1.確定FTP Server的共享目錄

為FTP Server建立一個FTP工作目錄,在此設定為/home/ftp

2.編寫FTP Server初始設置的Shell程序(setup)
用編輯工具(如vi)編寫一個Shell程序,用於對系統進行設置。

#!/bin/sh
case $# in
0) ftphome="`grep '^ftp:' /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f6`"
;;
1) if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then
ftphome="`grep '^ftp:' /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f6`"
else
ftphome=$1
fi
;;
*) echo "Usage: $0 [anon-ftp-root]"
exit 1
;;
esac
if [ -z "${ftphome}" ]; then
echo "$0: ftphome must be non-null"
exit 2
fi
if [ "${ftphome}" = "/" -o "${ftphome}" = "/usr" ]; then
echo "$0: ftphome must not be / or /usr"
exit 2
fi
if [ ! -d ${ftphome} ]; then
mkdir ${ftphome}
fi
if [ ! -d ${ftphome}/usr/bin ]; then
mkdir -p ${ftphome}/usr/bin
fi
cp /usr/bin/ls ${ftphome}/usr/bin
chmod 111 ${ftphome}/usr/bin/ls
chown root ${ftphome}/usr/bin
chmod 555 ${ftphome}/usr/bin
if [ -r ${ftphome}/bin ]; then
mv -f ${ftphome}/bin ${ftphome}/Obin
fi
ln -s usr/bin ${ftphome}
     if [ ! -d ${ftphome}/usr/lib ]; then
mkdir -p ${ftphome}/usr/lib
fi
if [ ! -d ${ftphome}/etc ]; then
mkdir -p ${ftphome}/etc
fi
cp /usr/lib/ld.so /usr/lib/ld.so.1 ${ftphome}/usr/lib
for lib in libc libdl libintl libw libnsl libsocket 
nss_nis nss_nisplus nss_dns nss_files
do
cp /usr/lib/${lib}.so.1 ${ftphome}/usr/lib
rm -f ${ftphome}/usr/lib/${lib}.so
ln -s ./${lib}.so.1 ${ftphome}/usr/lib/${lib}.so
done
cp /usr/lib/straddr.so.2 ${ftphome}/usr/lib 
rm -f ${ftphome}/usr/lib/straddr.so
ln -s ./straddr.so.2 ${ftphome}/usr/lib/straddr.so
cp /etc/passwd /etc/group /etc/netconfig ${ftphome}/etc
chmod 555 ${ftphome}/usr/lib/*
chmod 444 ${ftphome}/etc/*
chown root ${ftphome}/usr/lib ${ftphome}/etc
chmod 555 ${ftphome}/usr/lib ${ftphome}/etc
if [ ! -d ${ftphome}/dev ]; then
mkdir -p ${ftphome}/dev


	

fi prefix=/devices/pseudo/mm@0: for device in zero line=`ls -l ${prefix}${device} | sed -e 's/,//'` major=`echo $line | awk '{print $5}'` minor=`echo $line | awk '{print $6}'` rm -f ${ftphome}/dev/${device} mknod ${ftphome}/dev/${device} c ${major} ${minor} done prefix=/devices/pseudo/clone@0: for device in tcp udp ticotsord do line=`ls -l ${prefix}${device} | sed -e 's/,//'` major=`echo $line | awk '{print $5}'` minor=`echo $line | awk '{print $6}'` rm -f ${ftphome}/dev/${device} mknod ${ftphome}/dev/${device} c ${major} ${minor} done chmod 666 ${ftphome}/dev/* chown root ${ftphome}/dev chmod 555 ${ftphome}/dev #建立一個匿名FTP服務目錄,並設立可讀可寫屬性 if [ ! -d ${ftphome}/pub ]; then mkdir -p ${ftphome}/pub fi chown ftp ${ftphome}/pub chmod 777 ${ftphome}/pub
3. 編輯/etc/passwd和/etc/shadow文件

設置匿名FTP帳號,按下面方法分別對/etc/passwd和/etc/shadow兩個文件中增加如下數據項:

(1)在/etc/passwd文件中增加

ftp:x:30000:30000:Anonymous FTP:/home/ftp:/nosuchshell

(2)在/etc/shadow文件中增加

ftp:NP:6445::::::

4. 運行setup程序

在運行setup程序之前,將該文件設置成執行文件

#chmod +x setup

運行setup程序 #setup /home/ftp

以上步驟就完成了FTP服務器的建立,即可使用FTP服務器,可以用如explorer、netscape navigator等浏覽器對Ftp服務器進行訪問,進行下載和上載文件操作,使用非常方便。
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