使用Spring Boot快速啟動Spring應用

Spring Boot 項目提供了快速啟動一個Spring項目，假設一個使用Hibernate2的CRUD的web應用項目，Maven配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <project ...

 <parent>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
 <version>0.5.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT</version>
 </parent>

 <dependencies>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
 <artifactId>thymeleaf-spring3</artifactId>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
 </dependency>
<dependency>
 <groupId>org.hsqldb</groupId>
 <artifactId>hsqldb</artifactId>
 <scope>runtime</scope>
 </dependency>
<dependency>
 <groupId>junit</groupId>
 <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
 <scope>test</scope>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
 <artifactId>hamcrest-library</artifactId>
 <scope>test</scope>
 </dependency>
</dependencies>

 <build>
 <plugins>
 <plugin>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
 </plugin>
</plugins>
 </build>

</project>

而如果你使用傳統方式配置Maven項目，將是下面可怕的配置：

.....

 <dependencies>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>junit</groupId>
 <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
 <version>4.11</version>
 <scope>test</scope>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
 <artifactId>hamcrest-core</artifactId>
 <version>1.2.1</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
 <artifactId>hamcrest-library</artifactId>
 <version>1.2.1</version>
 </dependency>

 <dependency>
 <groupId>log4j</groupId>
 <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
 <version>1.2.16</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
 <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
 <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
 <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
 <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
 <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
 <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
 <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
 <version>${aspectj.version}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
 <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
 <version>${aspectj.version}</version>
 </dependency>
 <!-- dependency>
 <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
 <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
 <version>2.5</version>
 <scope>provided</scope>
 </dependency -->
 <dependency>
 <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
 <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
 <version>3.0.1</version>
 <scope>provided</scope>
 </dependency>
<dependency>
 <groupId>net.sf.flexjson</groupId>
 <artifactId>flexjson</artifactId>
 <version>2.0</version>
 </dependency>
 <!-- Spring dependencies -->
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
 <version>${spring.version}</version>
 <exclusions>
 <exclusion>
 <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
 <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
 </exclusion>
 </exclusions>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
 <version>${spring.version}</version>
 <scope>test</scope>
 <exclusions>
 <exclusion>
 <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
 <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
 </exclusion>
 </exclusions>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
 <version>${spring.version}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
 <version>${spring.version}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
 <version>${spring.version}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
 <version>${spring.version}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
 <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
 <version>${h2.version}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
 <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
 <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
 <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
 <version>${hibernate.version}</version>
 <exclusions>
 <exclusion>
 <groupId>cglib</groupId>
 <artifactId>cglib</artifactId>
 </exclusion>
 <exclusion>
 <groupId>dom4j</groupId>
 <artifactId>dom4j</artifactId>
 </exclusion>
 </exclusions>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId>
 <artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.0-api</artifactId>
 <version>1.0.0.Final</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
 <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
 <version>4.3.0.Final</version>
 <exclusions>
 <exclusion>
 <groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>
 <artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>
 </exclusion>
 <exclusion>
 <groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>
 <artifactId>jaxb-impl</artifactId>
 </exclusion>
 </exclusions>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>javax.validation</groupId>
 <artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>
 <version>1.0.0.GA</version>
 </dependency>

 <dependency>
 <groupId>javax.transaction</groupId>
 <artifactId>jta</artifactId>
 <version>1.1</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
 <version>${spring.version}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
 <version>${spring.version}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>commons-pool</groupId>
 <artifactId>commons-pool</artifactId>
 <version>1.5.4</version>
 <exclusions>
 <exclusion>
 <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
 <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
 </exclusion>
 </exclusions>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
 <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
 <version>2.4</version>
 </dependency>
<dependency>
 <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
 <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
 <version>1.3</version>
 <exclusions>
 <exclusion>
 <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
 <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
 </exclusion>
 <exclusion>
 <groupId>commons-pool</groupId>
 <artifactId>commons-pool</artifactId>
 </exclusion>
 <exclusion>
 <groupId>xerces</groupId>
 <artifactId>xerces</artifactId>
 </exclusion>
 <exclusion>
 <groupId>xerces</groupId>
 <artifactId>xercesImpl</artifactId>
 </exclusion>
 <exclusion>
 <groupId>xml-apis</groupId>
 <artifactId>xml-apis</artifactId>
 </exclusion>
 </exclusions>
 </dependency>
 <!-- Jackson JSON Processor -->
 <dependency>
 <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
 <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
 <version>2.2.1</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
 <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
 <version>2.2.1</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.module</groupId>
 <artifactId>jackson-module-jaxb-annotations</artifactId>
 <version>2.2.1</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.apache.tiles</groupId>
 <artifactId>tiles-core</artifactId>
 <version>2.2.1</version>
 <exclusions>
 <exclusion>
 <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
 <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
 </exclusion>
 </exclusions>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.apache.tiles</groupId>
 <artifactId>tiles-jsp</artifactId>
 <version>2.2.1</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
 <version>${spring.version}</version>
 <exclusions>
 <exclusion>
 <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
 <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
 </exclusion>
 </exclusions>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
 <version>${spring.version}</version>
 <exclusions>
 <exclusion>
 <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
 <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
 </exclusion>
 </exclusions>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>commons-digester</groupId>
 <artifactId>commons-digester</artifactId>
 <version>2.0</version>
 <exclusions>
 <exclusion>
 <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
 <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
 </exclusion>
 </exclusions>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
 <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
 <version>1.2.1</version>
 <exclusions>
 <exclusion>
 <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
 <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
 </exclusion>
 </exclusions>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
 <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
 <version>3.1</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
 <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
 <version>1.2</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>javax.el</groupId>
 <artifactId>el-api</artifactId>
 <version>1.0</version>
 <scope>provided</scope>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>joda-time</groupId>
 <artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
 <version>1.6</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
 <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
 <version>2.1</version>
 <scope>provided</scope>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-security-core</artifactId>
 <version>${spring-security.version}</version>
 <exclusions>
 <exclusion>
 <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
 <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
 </exclusion>
 </exclusions>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
 <version>${spring-security.version}</version>
 <exclusions>
 <exclusion>
 <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
 <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
 </exclusion>
 </exclusions>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
 <version>${spring-security.version}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-security-taglibs</artifactId>
 <version>${spring-security.version}</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>com.googlecode.flyway</groupId>
 <artifactId>flyway-core</artifactId>
 <version>1.7</version>
 </dependency>
 <dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
 <version>${spring-data-jpa.version}</version>
 </dependency>

</dependencies>
 ...

使用SpringBoot的好處有：

1.使用mvn spring:boot直接啟動一個Web應用。
 它提供了一種classpath中可用的嵌入式Tomcat或Jetty容器和自動配置應用，而無需提供任何明確的配置，由用戶庫的基礎上快速地運行應用程序 - 例如。如果發現HSQLDB庫在classpath中，它會自動配置數據源與HSQLDB作為嵌入式數據庫，如果在classpath中發現thymeleaf jar，它會自動配置thymeleaf作為模板引擎，如果發現Hibernate庫在classpath中，那麼它會自動使用休眠作為JPA提供者。

2.提供缺省的依賴。

提供了一個必需的以及測試的依賴，還有Spring生態系統的相關項目。例如。與SLF4J的logback作為測試依賴，使用的Servlet 3.0+的API，傑克遜Jackson 2.2對JSON處理，網頁模板thymeleaf。

Spring Boot 的詳細介紹：請點這裡
Spring Boot 的下載地址：請點這裡