在學習微分方程的時候,以前也寫過類似的文章,可是效果不行,前幾天寫了一個,感覺不錯,分享之。
先看效果(x*x -y -2):
再來代碼:
- package com.math.slopfields;
-
- import java.awt.Color;
- import java.awt.Graphics;
-
- import javax.swing.JFrame;
-
- public class SlopFields extends JFrame {
- protected static final int WIDTH = 800;
- protected static final int HEIGHT = 600;
- private java.awt.Dimension dimension = java.awt.Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().
- getScreenSize();
-
-
- public SlopFields(String title, Grid g) {
- super(title);
- this.setSize(WIDTH, HEIGHT);
- this.setLocation((dimension.width - WIDTH) / 2,
- (dimension.height - HEIGHT) / 2);
-
- HeartCanvas panel = new HeartCanvas(g);
- this.add(panel);
- }
-
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- double scale = 80;
- double aa = 3;
- double dd = 0.15;
-
- Area area = new Area(Vector.build(-aa, aa), Vector.build(aa, -aa));
- Vector grid = Vector.build(dd, dd);
- CanCalc c = new CanCalc(){
- public double doCalc(Vector v) {
- return v.x*v.x - v.y - 2;
- }
-
- };
- Grid g = new Grid(area, grid, c, scale);
-
- SlopFields hart = new SlopFields("向量場", g);
- hart.setVisible(true);
- hart.setDefaultCloseOperation(hart.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
- }
-
- }
-
-
- class HeartCanvas extends javax.swing.JPanel {
-
- private Grid grid;
-
- public HeartCanvas(Grid g) {
- this.grid = g;
- this.grid.calcGrids();
- this.grid.preDraw();
- }
-
- public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
- setBackground(Color.BLACK);
- super.paintComponent(g);
- g.setColor(Color.GREEN);
- this.grid.draw(g);
- }
- }
-
-
- class Grid {
- public double scale = 100;
- public double padding = 0.2;
- public Vector offect = Vector.build(0.25, 0.25);
-
- public Area area;
- public Area[][] areas;
-
- public Vector grid;
- public int nx, ny;
-
- private CanCalc calc;
-
- public Grid(Area _area, Vector _grid, CanCalc _calc, double _scale) {
- this.area = _area;
- this.grid = _grid;
- this.calc = _calc;
- this.scale = _scale;
- }
-
- public void draw(Graphics g) {
-
- int x = (int)area.ld.x;
- int y = (int)area.ld.y;
- Vector t = area.ru.add(area.ld.neg());
- int width = (int)t.x;
- int height = (int)t.y;
-
-
- g.drawRect(x, y, width, height);
- g.drawLine(x, (int)offect.y, x+width, (int)offect.y);
- g.drawLine((int)offect.x, y, (int)offect.x, y+height);
- for(Area[] al : areas) {
- for(Area a : al) {
- g.drawLine((int)a.ld.x, (int)a.ld.y, (int)a.ru.x, (int)a.ru.y);
- }
- }
- }
-
- public void preDraw() {
- offect = offect.dotMul(this.scale).add(Vector.build(-area.ld.x*scale, area.ru.y*scale));
- area = new Area(Vector.build(area.ld.x, -area.ru.y).dotMul(this.scale).add(offect),
- Vector.build(area.ru.x, -area.ld.x).dotMul(this.scale).add(offect));
- for(int i=0; i<ny; i++){
- for(int j=0; j<nx; j++) {
- Area tmp = areas[i][j];
- Vector va = Vector.build(tmp.ld.x, -tmp.ld.y).dotMul(this.scale).add(offect);
- Vector vb = Vector.build(tmp.ru.x, -tmp.ru.y).dotMul(this.scale).add(offect);
- areas[i][j] = new Area(va, vb);
- }
- }
- }
-
-
- private void fixArea() {
- Vector tn1 = area.ld.dotDiv(grid).intVal().abs();
- area.ld = grid.dotMul(tn1).neg();
-
- Vector tn2 = area.ru.dotDiv(grid).intVal().abs();
- area.ru = grid.dotMul(tn2);
-
- tn1 = tn1.add(tn2);
- nx = (int)tn1.x;
- ny = (int)tn1.y;
- }
-
- private Slop[][] initSlop(CanCalc calc) {
- fixArea();
- Slop[][] slops = new Slop[nx][ny];
-
- Vector now = area.ld.clone();
- now.y += grid.y/2;
- for(int i=0; i<ny; i++) {
- now.x = area.ld.x + grid.x/2;
- for(int j=0; j<nx; j++) {
- slops[i][j] = new Slop(now.clone(), calc.doCalc(now));
- now.x += grid.x;
- }
- now.y += grid.y;
- }
- return slops;
- }
-
- public Area[][] calcGrids() {
- Slop[][] slops = initSlop(calc);
- areas = new Area[nx][ny];
- for(int i=0; i<nx; i++) {
- for(int j=0; j<ny; j++) {
- Vector tmp = null;
- Slop s = slops[i][j];
- if(s.slop == grid.slop()) {
- tmp = grid.dotDiv(2);
- }else if(s.slop == -grid.slop()){
- tmp = grid.dotDiv(2).dotMul(Vector.dr);
- }else if(s.slop==0){
- tmp = Vector.build(grid.x/2, 0);
- }else if(s.slop<grid.slop() && s.slop>-grid.slop()) {
- tmp = Vector.build(grid.x/2, (grid.x/2)*s.slop);
- }else {
- tmp = Vector.build((grid.y/2)/s.slop, grid.y/2);
- }
- tmp = tmp.dotMul(1-this.padding);
-
- areas[i][j] = new Area(s.point.add(tmp.neg()), s.point.add(tmp));
- }
- }
- return areas;
- }
- }
-
- interface CanCalc {
- public double doCalc(Vector v);
- }
-
- class Slop{
- public Vector point;
- public double slop;
- public Slop(Vector _point, double _slop) {
- this.point = _point;
- this.slop = _slop;
- }
- public String toString() {
- return String.format("{%s, %.2f}", point, slop);
- }
- }
-
- class Area {
- public Vector ld;
- public Vector ru;
-
- public Area(Vector _ld, Vector _ru) {
- this.ld = _ld;
- this.ru = _ru;
- }
-
- public String toString() {
- return String.format("[%s-%s]", this.ld, this.ru);
- }
-
- public Area scale(double d) {
- return new Area(this.ld.dotMul(d), this.ru.dotMul(d));
- }
-
- public Area add(Vector v) {
- return new Area(this.ld.add(v), this.ru.add(v));
- }
- }
-
-
-
- class Vector {
- public static final double infinite = Double.MAX_VALUE;
-
- public double x;
- public double y;
-
- public static final Vector zero = Vector.build(0, 0);
- public static final Vector up = Vector.build(0, 1);
- public static final Vector down = Vector.build(0, -1);
- public static final Vector left = Vector.build(-1, 0);
- public static final Vector right = Vector.build(1, 0);
- public static final Vector ul = Vector.build(-1, 1);
- public static final Vector ur = Vector.build(1, 1);
- public static final Vector dl = Vector.build(-1, -1);
- public static final Vector dr = Vector.build(1, -1);
-
- public static Vector build(double x, double y) {
- return new Vector(x, y);
- }
-
- public Vector clone() {
- return Vector.build(this.x, this.y);
- }
-
- public double slop() {
- if(this.x == 0) {
- return Vector.infinite;
- }
- return this.y / this.x;
- }
-
- public Vector(double _x, double _y) {
- this.x = _x;
- this.y = _y;
- }
-
- public Vector intVal() {
- return new Vector((int)this.x, (int)this.y);
- }
-
- public Vector abs() {
- return Vector.build((x>=0?x:-x), (y>=0?y:-y));
- }
-
- public Vector add(Vector v) {
- return new Vector(this.x+v.x, this.y+v.y);
- }
-
- public Vector neg() {
- return new Vector(-this.x, -this.y);
- }
-
- public Vector mul(double m) {
- return new Vector(m*this.x, m*this.y);
- }
-
- public Vector dotMul(Vector m) {
- return new Vector(this.x * m.x, this.y * m.y);
- }
- public Vector dotMul(double m) {
- return Vector.build(this.x*m, this.y*m);
- }
-
- public Vector dotDiv(Vector m) {
- return new Vector(this.x/m.x, this.y/m.y);
- }
-
- public Vector dotDiv(double d) {
- return Vector.build(this.x/d, this.y/d);
- }
-
- public String toString() {
- return String.format("<%.2f, %.2f>", x, y);
- }
-
- }
配置代碼,可以查看不同的效果:
- double scale = 80;
- double aa = 3;
- double dd = 0.15;
-
- Area area = new Area(Vector.build(-aa, aa), Vector.build(aa, -aa));
- Vector grid = Vector.build(dd, dd);
- CanCalc c = new CanCalc(){
- public double doCalc(Vector v) {
- return v.x*v.x - v.y - 2;
- }
-
- };