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Solaris管理員常用168條命令簡明手冊

  SysAdmin Commands    Debugging    truss executable  /* Trace doing of given command ( useful debugging ) */    truss -f -p

  /* Using multiple windows, this can be used to trace setuid/setgid programs */    Arp, ethernet trouble shooting    arp -a .  /* Shows the ethernet address arp table */    arp -d myhost  /* Delete a stale ethernet entry for host myhost */    Disk Commands    du -k .  /* Reports disk space used in Kilobytes */    du -sk .  /* Reports only total disk space used in Kilobytes */    du -sk *sort -k1,1n  /* Reports total disk space used in Kilobytes in present Directory */    du -ad /var sort -nr  /* Tells you how big the /var files are in reverse order */    fdformat -d -U  /* Format diskette */    /usr/bin/iostat -E  /* Command to display drives statistics */    /bin/mount -F hsfs -o ro /dev/sr0 /cdrom  /* Mount an ISO 9660 CDROM */    newfs -Nv /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s1  /* To view the superfblocks available */    prtvtoc /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s2  /* Disk geometry and partitioning info */    quot -af  /* How mUCh space is used by users in kilobytes */    Driver Parameters    ndd /dev/ip \?  /* Shows IP variables in the kernel */    ndd /dev/ip ip_forwarding  /* Tells you if forwarding is on (=1) */    ndd -set /dev/ip ip_forwarding 1  /* Enables IP forwarding between interfaces */    File Manipulation    dos2unix -ascii   /* Converts DOS file formats to Unix */    split  /* Split files into pieces */    [vi] : %s/existing/new/g  /* Search and Replace text in vi */    [vi] :set nu  /* Set line numbers in vi */    [vi] :set ts=[num]  /* Set tab stops in vi */    File System    cat /dev/null > filename  /* Zero's out the file without breaking pipe */    dd if=/dev/rdsk/... of=/dev/rdsk/... bs=4096  /* Make a mirror image of your boot disk */    df -k grep dg awk '{print $6}' xargs -n 1 umount  /* Unmount all file systems in disk group dg */    fsck -F ufs /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0  /* Check a UFS filesystem on c0t0d0s0 */    fsck -F ufs -y /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0  /* Check answering yes to all questions */    fsck -F ufs -o b=97472 /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s0  /* Check using an alternate super block */    gzip -dc file1.tar.gz tar xf -  /* Unpack .tar.gz files in place */    gzip -d -c tarball.tgz (cd /[dir];


tar xf - ) &  /* Unpacking tarballs to diff location */    ln [-fhns]   /* Creating hard links and soft links */    ls -la awk '{ print $5," ",$9 }' sort -rn  /* File sizes of current directory */    mount -f pcfs /dev/dsk/c0d0p1 /eXPort/dos  /* Mount DOS fdisk partition from Solaris */    mount -F ufs -o rw,remount /  /* Used to remount root to make it writeable */    mount -o remount,logging /spare  /* Re-mount the ro file system rw and turn on ufs logging */    pax -rw . /newdir  /* Efficient alternative for copying directories */    prtvtoc /dev/rdsk/c0t0d0s2 fmthard -s - /dev/rdsk/c0t1d0s2  /* Cloning Partitiontables */    tar cvf filename.tar  /* Create a tape (tar) archive */    tar xvf filename.tar  /* Extract a tape (tar) archive */    tar cf - . (cd /newdir ; tar xf -)  /* Recursively copy files and their permissions */    /sbin/uadmin x x  /* Syncs File Systems and Reboots systems fast */    zcat [cpio file] cpio -itmv  /* Show the contents of a compressed cpio */    zcat

  /* Extract the patch_file that is a compressed tar file */    File Transfer    get filename.suffix "tar xf -"  /* Undocumented Feature of FTP */    put " tar cf - ." filename.tar  /* Undocumented Feature of FTP */    find . -depth cpio -pdmv /path/tobe/copied/to  /* Fast alternative to cp -pr */    sendport  /* Transferring large numbers of files within the same ftp control session */    General    /usr/bin/catman -w  /* Create windex databases for man page directories */    FQ_FILENAME=; echo ${FQ_FILENAME%/*}  /* Extract directory from fully-qualified file name. */    mailx -H -u   /* List out mail headers for specified user */    set filec  /* Set file-completion for csh */    uuencode [filename] [filename] mailx -s "Subject" [user to mail]  /* Send files as attachments */    Hardware    cfgadm  /* Verify reconfigurable hardware resources */    m64config -prconf  /* Print M64 hardware configuration */    m64config -depth 824  /* Sets the screen depth of your M64 graphics accelerator */    m64config -res 'video_mode'  /* Change the resolution of your M64 graphics accelerator */    Kernel    /usr/sbin/modinfo  /* Display kernel module information */    /usr/sbin/modload   /* Load a kernel module */    /usr/sbin/modunload -i   /* Unload a kernel module */    nm -x /dev/ksyms grep OBJ more  /* Tuneable kernel parameters */    /usr/sbin/sysdef  /* Show system kernal tunable details */    Memory    prtconf grep Mem  /* Display Memory Size */    Network Information    ndd /dev/arp arp_cache_report  /* Prints ARP table in cache with IP and MAC address */    netstat -a grep EST wc -l  /* Displays number active established connections to the localhost */    netstat -k hme0  /* Undocumented netstat command */    netstat -i  /* Show the TCP/IP network interfaces */    netstat -np  /* Similar to arp -a without name resolution */    netstat -r  /* Show network route table */    netstat -rn  /* Displays routing information but bypasses hostname lookup. */    netstat -a more  /* Show the state of all sockets */    traceroute   /* Follow the route to the ipaddress */    Network/Tuning    ifconfig eth0 mtu 1500  /* Change MTU of interface */    ifconfig eth0 10.1.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.255  /* Add an Interface */    /sbin/ifconfig hme0:1 inet 10.210.xx.xxx netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 10.210.xxx.xxx  /* Virtual Interfaces */    /sbin/ifconfig hme0:1 up  /* Bring virtual interface up */    /usr/sbin/ndd -set /dev/hme adv_100fdx_cap 1  /* Nailling to 100Mbps */    ndd -set /dev/ip ip_addrs_per_if 1-8192  /* To set more than 256 virtual ip addresses. */    ndd -set /dev/tcp tcp_xmit_hiwat 65535  /* Increase TCP-transmitbuffers */    ndd -set /dev/tcp tcp_recv_hiwat 65535  /* Increase TCP-receivebuffers */    Processes    fuser -uc /var  /* Processes that are running from /var */    kill -HUP `ps -ef grep [p]roccess awk '{print $2}'`  /* HUP any related process in one step */    lsof -i


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