ICMP是(Internet Control Message Protocol)Internet控制報文協議。它是TCP/IP協議族的一個子協議,用於在IP主機、路由器之間傳遞控制消息。控制消息是指網絡通不通、主機是否可達、路由是否可用等網絡本身的消息。這些控制消息雖然並不傳輸用戶數據,但是對於用戶數據的傳遞起著重要的作用。
ICMP協議是一種面向無連接的協議,用於傳輸出錯報告控制信息。它是一個非常重要的協議,它對於網絡安全具有極其重要的意義。
折騰半天,原來ICMP也是TCP/IP其中一種協議.那麼監測網絡是否ping的通,就跟TCP協議差不多了。
步驟簡單歸納為:1.綁定套接字,2.發送數據包 3.接收數據包 4.解析數據包
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <sys/socket.h>
- #include <netinet/in.h>
- #include <netinet/ip.h>
- #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
- #include <netdb.h>
- #define PACKET_SIZE 4096
- #define ERROR 0
- #define SUCCESS 1
-
- //效驗算法(百度下有注釋,但是還是看不太明白)
- unsigned short cal_chksum(unsigned short *addr, int len)
- {
- int nleft=len;
- int sum=0;
- unsigned short *w=addr;
- unsigned short answer=0;
-
- while(nleft > 1)
- {
- sum += *w++;
- nleft -= 2;
- }
-
- if( nleft == 1)
- {
- *(unsigned char *)(&answer) = *(unsigned char *)w;
- sum += answer;
- }
-
- sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff);
- sum += (sum >> 16);
- answer = ~sum;
-
- return answer;
- }
- // Ping函數
- int ping( char *ips, int timeout)
- {
- struct timeval *tval;
- int maxfds = 0;
- fd_set readfds;
-
- struct sockaddr_in addr;
- struct sockaddr_in from;
- // 設定Ip信息
- bzero(&addr,sizeof(addr));
- addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
- addr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(ips);
-
- int sockfd;
- // 取得socket
- sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP);
- if (sockfd < 0)
- {
- printf("ip:%s,socket error\n",ips);
- return ERROR;
- }
-
- struct timeval timeo;
- // 設定TimeOut時間
- timeo.tv_sec = timeout / 1000;
- timeo.tv_usec = timeout % 1000;
-
- if (setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDTIMEO, &timeo, sizeof(timeo)) == -1)
- {
- printf("ip:%s,setsockopt error\n",ips);
- return ERROR;
- }
-
- char sendpacket[PACKET_SIZE];
- char recvpacket[PACKET_SIZE];
- // 設定Ping包
- memset(sendpacket, 0, sizeof(sendpacket));
-
- pid_t pid;
- // 取得PID,作為Ping的Sequence ID
- pid=getpid();
-
- struct ip *iph;
- struct icmp *icmp;
-
-
- icmp=(struct icmp*)sendpacket;
- icmp->icmp_type=ICMP_ECHO; //回顯請求
- icmp->icmp_code=0;
- icmp->icmp_cksum=0;
- icmp->icmp_seq=0;
- icmp->icmp_id=pid;
- tval= (struct timeval *)icmp->icmp_data;
- gettimeofday(tval,NULL);
- icmp->icmp_cksum=cal_chksum((unsigned short *)icmp,sizeof(struct icmp)); //校驗
-
- int n;
- // 發包
- n = sendto(sockfd, (char *)&sendpacket, sizeof(struct icmp), 0, (struct sockaddr *)&addr, sizeof(addr));
- if (n < 1)
- {
- printf("ip:%s,sendto error\n",ips);
- return ERROR;
- }
-
- // 接受
- // 由於可能接受到其他Ping的應答消息,所以這裡要用循環
- while(1)
- {
- // 設定TimeOut時間,這次才是真正起作用的
- FD_ZERO(&readfds);
- FD_SET(sockfd, &readfds);
- maxfds = sockfd + 1;
- n = select(maxfds, &readfds, NULL, NULL, &timeo);
- if (n <= 0)
- {
- printf("ip:%s,Time out error\n",ips);
- close(sockfd);
- return ERROR;
- }
-
- // 接受
- memset(recvpacket, 0, sizeof(recvpacket));
- int fromlen = sizeof(from);
- n = recvfrom(sockfd, recvpacket, sizeof(recvpacket), 0, (struct sockaddr *)&from, (socklen_t *)&fromlen);
- if (n < 1) {
- break;
- }
-
-
- char *from_ip = (char *)inet_ntoa(from.sin_addr);
- // 判斷是否是自己Ping的回復
- if (strcmp(from_ip,ips) != 0)
- {
- printf("NowPingip:%s Fromip:%s\nNowPingip is not same to Fromip,so ping wrong!\n",ips,from_ip);
- return ERROR;
- }
-
- iph = (struct ip *)recvpacket;
-
- icmp=(struct icmp *)(recvpacket + (iph->ip_hl<<2));
-
- printf("ip:%s\n,icmp->icmp_type:%d\n,icmp->icmp_id:%d\n",ips,icmp->icmp_type,icmp->icmp_id);
- // 判斷Ping回復包的狀態
- if (icmp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY && icmp->icmp_id == pid) //ICMP_ECHOREPLY回顯應答
- {
- // 正常就退出循環
- break;
- }
- else
- {
- // 否則繼續等
- continue;
- }
- }
-
- int main()
- {
- char cPing[16];
- printf("Please input ping IP:");
- scanf("%s",cPing);
-
- if(ping(cPing,10000))
- {
- printf("Ping succeed!\n");
- }
- else
- {
- printf("Ping wrong!\n");
- }
-
- }
測試結果:
root@an-virtual-machine:~/wyz/test# ./testping
Please input ping IP:192.168.1.155
Nowip:192.168.1.155 Fromip:192.168.1.133
Nowip is not same to Fromip,so ping wrong!
Ping wrong!
root@an-virtual-machine:~/wyz/test# ./testping
Please input ping IP:192.168.1.188
ip:192.168.1.188
,icmp->icmp_type:0
,icmp->icmp_id:27865
Ping succeed!