Linux 命令英文全稱
su：Swith user 切換用戶，切換到root用戶
cat: Concatenate 串聯
uname: Unix name 系統名稱
df: Disk free 空余硬盤
du: Disk usage 硬盤使用率
chown: Change owner 改變所有者
chgrp: Change group 改變用戶組
ps：Process Status 進程狀態
tar：Tape archive 解壓文件
chmod: Change mode 改變模式
umount: Unmount 卸載
ldd：List dynamic dependencies 列出動態相依
insmod：Install module 安裝模塊
rmmod：Remove module 刪除模塊
lsmod：List module 列表模塊
alias :Create your own name for a command
bash :GNU Bourne-Again Shell linux內核
grep:global regular expression print
httpd :Start Apache
ipcalc :Calculate IP information for a host
ping :Send ICMP ECHO_Request to network hosts
reboot: Restart your computer
sudo:Superuser do
/bin = BINaries
/dev = DEVices
/etc = ETCetera
/lib = LIBrary
/proc = PROCesses
/sbin = Superuser BINaries
/tmp = TeMPorary
/usr = Unix Shared Resources
/var = VARiable ?
FIFO = First In, First Out
GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader
IFS = Internal Field Seperators
LILO = LInux LOader
MySQL = My最初作者的名字SQL = Structured Query Language
PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP Hypertext Preprocessor
PS = Prompt String
Perl = "Pratical Extraction and Report Language" = "Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister"
Python Monty Python's Flying Circus
Tcl = Tool Command Language
Tk = ToolKit
VT = Video Terminal
YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool
apache = "a patchy" server
apt = Advanced Packaging Tool
ar = archiver
as = assembler
bash = Bourne Again SHell
bc = Basic (Better) Calculator
bg = BackGround
cal = CALendar
cat = CATenate
cd = Change Directory
chgrp = CHange GRouP
chmod = CHange MODe
chown = CHange OWNer
chsh = CHange SHell
cmp = compare
cobra = Common Object Request Broker Architecture
comm = common
cp = CoPy
cpio = CoPy In and Out
cpp = C Pre Processor
cups = Common Unix Printing System
cvs = Current Version System
daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor
dc = Desk Calculator
dd = Disk Dump
df = Disk Free
diff = DIFFerence
dmesg = diagnostic message
du = Disk Usage
ed = editor
egrep = Extended GREP
elf = Extensible Linking Format
elm = ELectronic Mail
emacs = Editor MACroS
eval = EVALuate
ex = EXtended
exec = EXECute
fd = file descriptors
fg = ForeGround
fgrep = Fixed GREP
fmt = format
fsck = File System ChecK
fstab = FileSystem TABle
fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager
gawk = GNU AWK
gpg = GNU Privacy Guard
groff = GNU troff
hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer
joe = Joe's Own Editor
ksh = Korn SHell
lame = Lame Ain't an MP3 Encoder
lex = LEXical analyser
lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of Irritating Superfluous Parentheses
ln = LiNk
lpr = Line PRint
ls = list
lsof = LiSt Open Files
m4 = Macro processor Version 4
man = MANual pages
mawk = Mike Brennan's AWK
mc = Midnight Commander
mkfs = MaKe FileSystem
mknod = MaKe NODe
motd = Message of The Day
mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa
mtab = Mount TABle
mv = MoVe
nano = Nano's ANOther editor
nawk = New AWK
nl = Number of Lines
nm = names
nohup = No HangUP
nroff = New ROFF
od = Octal Dump
passwd = PASSWorD
pg = pager
pico = PIne's message COmposition editor
pine = "Program for Internet News & Email" = "Pine is not Elm"
ping = Packet InterNet Grouper
pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability
popd = POP Directory
pr = pre
printf = PRINT Formatted
ps = Processes Status
pty = pseudo tty
pushd = PUSH Directory
pwd = Print Working Directory
rc = runcom = run command, shell
rev = REVerse
rm = ReMove
rn = Read News
roff = RunOFF
rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat Package Manager
rsh, rlogin, = Remote
rxvt = ouR XVT
sed = Stream EDitor
seq = SEQuence
shar = SHell ARchive
slrn = S-Lang rn
ssh = Secure SHell
ssl = Secure Sockets Layer
stty = Set TTY
su = Substitute User
svn = SubVersioN
tar = Tape ARchive
tcsh = TENEX C shell
telnet = TEminaL over Network
termcap = terminal capability
terminfo = terminal information
tr = traslate
troff = Typesetter new ROFF
tsort = Topological SORT
tty = TeleTypewriter
twm = Tom's Window Manager
tz = TimeZone
udev = Userspace DEV
ulimit = User's LIMIT
umask = User's MASK
uniq = UNIQue
vi = VIsual = Very Inconvenient
vim = Vi IMproved
wall = write all
wc = Word Count
wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator
xargs = eXtended ARGuments
xdm = X Display Manager
xlfd = X Logical Font Description
xmms = X Multimedia System
xrdb = X Resources DataBase
xwd = X Window Dump
yacc = yet another compiler compiler
1、/bin ：獲得最小的系統可操作性所需要的命令
2、/boot ：內核和加載內核所需的文件
3、/dev ：終端、磁盤、調制解調器等的設備項
4、/etc ：關鍵的啟動文件和配置文件
5、/home ：用戶的主目錄
6、/lib ：C編譯器的庫和部分C編譯器
7、/media ：可移動介質上文件系統的安裝點
8、/opt ：可選的應用安裝包
9、/proc ：所有正在運行進程的映像
10、/root ：超級用戶的主目錄
11、/sbin ：引導、修復或者恢復系統的命令
12、/tmp ：每次重新引導就消失的臨時文件
13、/usr ：次要文件和命令的層次結構
14、/usr/bin ：大多數命令和可執行文件
15、/usr/include ：編譯C程序的頭文件
16、/usr/lib ：庫，供標准程序使用的支持文件
17、/usr/local ：本地軟件（用戶所編寫或者安裝的軟件）
18、/usr/local/bin ：本地的可執行文件
19、/usr/local/etc ：本地系統配置文件和命令
20、/usr/local/lib ：本地的支持文件
21、/usr/local/sbin ：靜態鏈接的本地系統維護命令
22、/usr/local/src ：/usr/local/*的源代碼
23、/usr/man ：聯機用戶手冊
24、/usr/sbin不太關鍵的系統管理命令和修復命令
25、/usr/share ：多種系統共同的東西（只讀）
26、/usr/share/man ：練級用戶手冊
27、/usr/src ：非本地軟件包的源代碼
28、/var ：系統專用數據和配置文件
29、/var/adm ：各種不同的東西
30、/var/log ：各種系統日志文件
31、/var/spool ：供打印機、郵件等使用的假脫機目錄
32、/var/tmp ：更多的臨時空間（在重新引導之後，文件予以保留）
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