作者:hotfire [文章出自: www.PHPx.com]
因為Linux是工作在保護模式下，所以用戶態進程是無法象DOS那樣使用顯卡BIOS裡
提供的中斷調用來實現直接寫屏，故Linux抽象出FrameBuffer這個設備來供用戶態
進程實現直接寫屏。
在繼續下面的之前，先說明幾個背景知識：
1、FrameBuffer主要是根據VESA標准的實現的，所以只能實現最簡單的功能。
2、由於涉及內核的問題，FrameBuffer是不允許在系統起來後修改顯示模式等一系
列操作。（好象很多人都想要這樣干，這是不被允許的，當然如果你自己與驅動
的話，是可以實現的）
3、對FrameBuffer的操作，會直接影響到本機的所有控制台的輸出，包括XWIN的圖
形界面。
好，現在可以讓我們開始實現直接寫屏：
1、打開一個FrameBuffer設備
2、通過mmap調用把顯卡的物理內存空間映射到用戶空間
3、直接寫內存。
好象很簡單哦~
fBTools.h
代碼:
#ifndef _FBTOOLS_H_
#define _FBTOOLS_H_
#include <linux/fb.h>
//a framebuffer device strUCture;
typedef struct fbdev{
int fb;
unsigned long fb_mem_offset;
unsigned long fb_mem;
struct fb_fix_screeninfo fb_fix;
struct fb_var_screeninfo fb_var;
char dev[20];
} FBDEV, *PFBDEV;
//open & init a frame buffer
//to use this function,
//you must set FBDEV.dev="/dev/fb0"
//or "/dev/fbX"
//it's your frame buffer.
int fb_open(PFBDEV pFbdev);
//close a frame buffer
int fb_close(PFBDEV pFbdev);
//get display depth
int get_display_depth(PFBDEV pFbdev);
//full screen clear
void fb_memset(void *addr, int c, size_t len);
#endif
fbtools.c
代碼:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <asm/page.h>
#include "fbtools.h"
#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0
#define MAX(x,y) ((x)>(y)?(x):(y))
#define MIN(x,y) ((x)<(y)?(x):(y))
//open & init a frame buffer
int fb_open(PFBDEV pFbdev)
{
pFbdev->fb = open(pFbdev->dev, O_RDWR);
if(pFbdev->fb < 0)
{
printf("Error opening %s: %m. Check kernel config\\n", pFbdev->dev);
return FALSE;
}
if (-1 == ioctl(pFbdev->fb,FBIOGET_VSCREENINFO,&(pFbdev->fb_var)))
{
printf("ioctl FBIOGET_VSCREENINFO\\n");
return FALSE;
}
if (-1 == ioctl(pFbdev->fb,FBIOGET_FSCREENINFO,&(pFbdev->fb_fix)))
{
printf("ioctl FBIOGET_FSCREENINFO\\n");
return FALSE;
}
//map physics address to virtual address
pFbdev->fb_mem_offset = (unsigned long)(pFbdev->fb_fix.smem_start) & (~PAGE_MASK);
pFbdev->fb_mem = (unsigned long int)mmap(NULL, pFbdev->fb_fix.smem_len +
pFbdev->fb_mem_offset,
PROT_READ PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, pFbdev->fb, 0);
if (-1L == (long) pFbdev->fb_mem)
{
printf("mmap error! mem:%d offset:%d\\n", pFbdev->fb_mem,
pFbdev->fb_mem_offset);
return FALSE;
}
return TRUE;
}
//close frame buffer
int fb_close(PFBDEV pFbdev)
{
close(pFbdev->fb);
pFbdev->fb=-1;
}
//get display depth
int get_display_depth(PFBDEV pFbdev);
{
if(pFbdev->fb<=0)
{
printf("fb device not open, open it first\\n");
return FALSE;
}
return pFbdev->fb_var.bits_per_pixel;
}
//full screen clear
void fb_memset (void *addr, int c, size_t len)
{
memset(addr, c, len);
}
//use by test
#define DEBUG
#ifdef DEBUG
main()
{
FBDEV fbdev;
memset(&fbdev, 0, sizeof(FBDEV));
strcpy(fbdev.dev, "/dev/fb0");
if(fb_open(&fbdev)==FALSE)
{
printf("open frame buffer error\\n");
return;
}
fb_memset(fbdev.fb_mem + fbdev.fb_mem_offset, 0, fbdev.fb_fix.smem_len);
fb_close(&fbdev);
}
return FALSE;
}
return pFbdev->fb_var.bits_per_pixel;
}
//full screen clear
void fb_memset (void *addr, int c, size_t len)
{
memset(addr, c, len);
}
//use by test
#define DEBUG
#ifdef DEBUG
main()
{
FBDEV fbdev;
memset(&fbdev, 0, sizeof(FBDEV));
strcpy(fbdev.dev, "/dev/fb0");
if(fb_open(&fbdev)==FALSE)
{
printf("open frame buffer error\\n");
return;
}
fb_memset(fbdev.fb_mem + fbdev.fb_mem_offset, 0, fbdev.fb_fix.smem_len);
fb_close(&fbdev);
}
